Development of Novel Photosensitizer Using the Buddleja officinalis Extract for Head and Neck Cancer

Figure 4

Effects of BO-PDT on apoptosis. (a) The effect of BO-PDT on apoptosis in FaDu cells was evaluated by TUNEL assay. Representative images of TUNEL assay in FaDu cells (magnification ×200). (b) The cells were quantified using DAPI staining. (c) Effects of BO-PDT on expression of apoptotic proteins in FaDu cells. Western blot analysis of the expression of PARP-1, cleaved PARP-1, Bcl-2, and Bax. Equal protein loading was confirmed by the antibody reaction to GAPDH. (d) Effects of BO-PDT on the cell cycle of FaDu cells. DNA content was analyzed by PI staining (G0, G1, S, and G2/M). (e) Cell cycle results are graphed. Nontreated condition versus BO: # P < 0.05; ## P < 0.001; BO versus BO-PDT: P < 0.05; P < 0.01.

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