Z-Ligustilide Exerted Hormetic Effect on Growth and Detoxification Enzymes of Spodoptera litura Larvae

Figure 2

Defense effect of Z-LIG against S. litura larvae: (a) larvicidal activity; (b) nonselective antifeedant rate; (c) selective antifeedant rate; and (d) growth inhibition. Values are presented as means ± SD.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)