Mulberry Fruit Extract Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) through Inhibition of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress in Rats

Figure 4

MB inhibits hepatic oxidative stress and mitochondrial ROS production in HFD-induced NAFLD. (a) 4-HNE and MDA activities were assessed using liver tissues in HFD-fed rats after Mul treatment for 10 weeks (n=10 per group). (b) 4-HNE and (c) DHE staining were performed in liver sections from HFD-fed rats after MB treatment for 10 weeks (n=10 per group), and DHE fluorescence intensity was quantified by detection of superoxide anions in liver tissues. Mitochondrial ROS production was assessed by determination of (d) SOD, (e) MitoSOX fluorescence, and (f) NADPH activities in HFD-fed rats after MB treatment for 10 weeks (n=10 per group). (g) Protein expression of NOX4 was measured by western blot analysis. The band densities were measured using NIH ImageJ software. β-actin was used as a loading control. Data are mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Significance was measured using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.005 vs. control group; P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001 vs. HFD-fed group. Con: control group; Veh: vehicle-treated group; MB 100 and 200, 100, and 200 mg/kg mulberry extracts-treated groups. HFD: high fat diet. Scale bar: 50μm.

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