Sipjeondaebo-tang Alleviates Oxidative Stress-Mediated Liver Injury through Activation of the CaMKK2-AMPK Signaling Pathway

Figure 2

The effect of SDT on AA plus iron-mediated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. (a) Cellular GSH contents. HepG2 cells were treated SDT (300 μg/mL), AA (10 μM), and iron (5 μM), as described in Figure 1(b). Reduced GSH contents were estimated in cell homogenates. (b) H₂O₂ production. Treated cells were stained with 20 μM DCFH-DA for 30 min, and intracellular levels of H₂O₂ were measured using dichlorofluorescein fluorescence intensity. (c) MMP. Fluorescence intensity of rhodamine 123-stained cells was monitored using a flow cytometer (left). Cell subpopulation with low rhodamine 123 fluorescence intensity (RN1 fraction) was represented as percentages of total cell analyzed (right). All values represent mean ± SD of three separated experiments; significant versus untreated control, ^∗∗P < 0.01; significant versus AA plus iron, ^##P < 0.01.

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