Analysis of Factors Influencing the Efficiency of Acupuncture in Tinnitus Patients

Table 2

Univariate analysis of the factors related to patients receiving acupuncture treatments for tinnitus.

Characteristics		Treatment outcome
	Case No.	Poor response	Good response	p value	O.R.	95% CI
Sex (Female / Male)	59 / 48	33 /18	26 /30	0.08	2.12	0.91-4.97
Age (<65 / ≥65)	70 / 37	35 / 16	35 /21	0.546	1.31	0.55-3.17
BMI (<18.5 / 18.5 - 25 / >25)	3 / 69 / 34	1 / 35 / 15	2 / 34 / 19	0.951	0.98	0.49-1.94
Affected side (Unilateral / Bilateral)	49 / 58	25 / 26	24 / 32	0.564	1.28	0.56-2.95
Duration of tinnitus (< 3 months / ≥ 3 months)	24 / 83	9 / 42	15 / 41	0.354	0.59	0.20-1.63
History of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (No / Yes)	102 / 5	50 / 1	52 / 4	0.366	3.85	0.36-193.13
History of radiotherapy (No / Yes)	99 / 8	49 / 2	50 / 6	0.275	2.94	0.49-30.87
Ear drum perforation (No / Yes)	105 / 2	51 / 0	54 / 2	0.496	4.72	0.17- ∞
Chronic otitis media (No / Yes)	103 / 4	50 / 1	53 / 3	0.62	2.83	0.22-151.49
Cigarette smoking (No / Yes)	89 / 18	45 / 6	44 / 12	0.206	2.05	0.64-7.21
Alcohol drinking (No / Yes)	96 / 11	45 / 6	51 / 5	0.754	0.74	0.17-3.12
Betel nut chewing (No / Yes)	102 / 5	49 / 2	53 / 3	1	1.39	0.15-17.20
Anemia† (No / Yes)	82 / 19	41 / 8	41 / 11	0.615	1.38	0.45-4.37
Thyroid dysfunction‡ (No / Yes)	86 / 5	40 / 4	46 / 1	0.194	0.22	0.00-2.35
Hypertriglyceridemia§ (No / Yes)	82 / 18	37 / 10	45 / 8	0.447	0.66	0.20-2.08
Hypercholesterolemia∥ (No / Yes)	53 / 47	27 / 20	26 / 27	0.429	1.4	0.59-3.33
Syphilis (No / Yes)	96 / 1	46 / 0	50 / 1	1	2.76	0.02- ∞
Diabetes mellitus# (No / Yes)	86 / 19	38 / 11	48 / 8	0.317	0.58	0.18-1.76
Insomnia (No / Yes)	54 / 53	27 / 24	27 / 29	0.7	1.21	0.53-2.77
Cerebrovascular accident (No / Yes)	98 / 8	47 / 3	51 / 5	0.72	1.54	0.28-10.39
Acupuncture treatment				0.026	2.67	1.09-6.59
PA group	38	24	14
PADA group	69	27	42
Acupuncture sessions				0.003	3.62	1.59-8.24
4 to 16	63	38	25
≥17	44	13	31
Audiometry, left side††	104	49	55
500 Hz, dBnHL		17.20 ± 13.37	15.28 ± 12.79	0.455	NA	NA
1000 Hz, dBnHL		21.80 ± 16.31	19.17 ± 16.27	0.412	NA	NA
2000 Hz, dBnHL		24.10 ± 17.86	24.63 ± 20.81	0.89	NA	NA
4000 Hz, dBnHL		35.80 ± 22.39	39.91 ± 24.27	0.373	NA	NA
8000 Hz, dBnHL		46.00 ± 24.72	51.79 ± 27.93	0.269	NA	NA
PB score, %		96.00 ± 8.84	96.37 ± 8.83	0.95	NA	NA
Audiometry, right side††	104	49	55
500 Hz, dBnHL		19.50 ± 18.96	13.80 ± 11.65	0.065	NA	NA
1000 Hz, dBnHL		22.50 ± 22.43	17.41 ± 15.01	0.174	NA	NA
2000 Hz, dBnHL		26.00 ± 22.86	21.67 ± 17.07	0.274	NA	NA
4000 Hz, dBnHL		37.30 ± 27.09	36.39 ± 21.77	0.85	NA	NA
8000 Hz, dBnHL		48.00 ± 31.10	47.08 ± 25.58	0.84	NA	NA
PB score, %		91.00 ± 23.61	96.67 ± 12.38	0.127	NA	NA

O.R.: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; NA: not available; BMI: body mass index; PA: periauricular acupoints; PADA: periauricular acupoints + distal acupoints; dBnHL: decibel above normal hearing level; PB: phonetically balanced.
One piece of missing data of BMI (n = 106).
†Six pieces of missing data in the group of anemia (n = 101).
‡Sixteen pieces of missing data in the group of thyroid dysfunction (n = 91).
§Seven pieces of missing data in the group of hypertriglyceridemia (n = 100).
∥Seven pieces of missing data in the group of hypercholesterolemia (n = 100).
Ten pieces of missing data in the group of syphilis (n = 97).
#Two pieces of missing data in the group of diabetes (n = 105).
One piece of missing data in the group of cerebrovascular accident (n = 106).
††Three pieces of missing data of audiometry (n = 104).