|
| Factors | n (%) |
|
| Tests | |
|
| Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI | 196 (99.5) |
| Simple X-ray | 192 (97.5) |
| Computed tomography (CT) | 136 (69.0) |
| Digital infrared thermal imaging (DITI) | 19 (9.6) |
| Electromyogram | 14 (7.1) |
|
| Main points of consideration in reading MRI images | |
|
| Degree of nerve | 172 (87.3) |
| Degree of intervertebral disc displacement | 141 (71.6) |
| Correlations between level(s) of disc displacement on MRI and clinical symptoms | 119 (60.4) |
| Number and level of displaced discs | 55 (27.9) |
| Degree of intervertebral disc degeneration | 31 (15.7) |
| Vertebral alignment | 29 (14.7) |
|
| Physical examination | |
|
| Spurling | 169 (85.8) |
| Foraminal compression test | 87 (44.2) |
| Manual muscle testing | 72 (36.5) |
| Adson’s test | 56 (28.4) |
| Distraction test | 54 (27.4) |
| Sensory testing | 30 (15.2) |
| Valsalva test | 27 (13.2) |
| Hoffmann’s sign | 23 (11.7) |
| Traction test: distraction of arm while taking pulse | 14 (7.1) |
|
| Korean Medicine syndrome differentiation theories | |
|
| Eight-principle pattern identification (八綱辨證 | 137 (69.5) |
| Meridian system diagnosis (經絡辨證) | 128 (65.0) |
| Etiological Factor syndrome differentiation (病因辯證) | 95 (48.2) |
| Qi and Blood diagnosis (氣血辨證) | 68 (34.5) |
| Organ system diagnosis (臟腑辨證) | 60 (30.5) |
| Six meridian diagnoses () | 44 (22.3) |
| Sasang constitutional medicine diagnosis (四象體質辨證) | 36 (18.3) |
|
| Korean Medicine classifications associated with CDH | |
|
| Stagnation of Qi and coagulation of blood (氣滯血瘀 | 174 (88.3) |
| Lack and deficiency of liver and kidney + exopathogen (肝腎虧虛+外邪) | 105 (53.3) |
| Deficiency of Qi and blood (氣血虛) | 101 (51.3) |
| Wind-heat with dampness (風熱挾濕) | 64 (32.5) |
| Exuberance of Yang of the liver (肝陽上亢) | 53 (26.9) |
| Wind-dampness exogenous affection (外感風濕) | 46 (23.4) |
|
