Berberine Modulates LPA Function to Inhibit the Proliferation and Inflammation of FLS-RA via p38/ERK MAPK Pathway Mediated by LPA₁

Figure 2

Berberine suppresses the growth and secretion of proinflammatory factors and promotes the apoptosis of FLS-RA. (a) Berberine inhibits FLS-RA proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner, as detected by MTT assay. (b) Berberine treatment at 12.5 and 25 μM for 24 h promotes the early apoptosis of FLS-RA, as detected by flow cytometry. (c) Berberine treatment at 12.5 and 25 μM for 24 h prevents cells from dividing to render cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, as measured by flow cell cycle detection. (d) Berberine treatment at 12.5 and 25 μM for 24 h evidently inhibits the mRNA expression of IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner, as detected by RT-PCR. , , and . Ctrl, control group. (e) The berberine dose of 25 μM obviously inhibited the mRNA expression of TNF-α, as detected by RT-PCR.