Antileishmanial Evaluation of the Leaf Latex of Aloe macrocarpa, Aloin A/B, and Its Semisynthetic Derivatives against Two Leishmania Species

Table 1

Antipromastigote activity of the test substances against Leishmania aethiopica and Leishmania donovani.

Test substance	Antipromastigote activity; IC50 in μg/mL
	L. aethiopica	L. donovani
Latex	1.90 ± 1.01	1.92 ± 0.42
Aloin A/B	3.94 ± 0.33 (9.4 μM)	5.06 ± 0.22 (12.1 μM)
Aloe-emodin	2.81 ± 0.43 (10.4 μM)	2.85 ± 0.50 (10.6 μM)
Rhein	1.91 ± 0.61 (6.7 μM)	2.07 ± 0.11 (7.3 μM)
Amphotericin B (reference)	2.43 ± 0.22 (2.6 μM)	2.45 ± 0.21(2.7 μM)
Media alone (NC)	0.00	0.00
1% DMSO (NC)	0.00	0.00

Values are expressed as mean ± SD; n = 3; NC: negative control; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide,
Effective concentration required to achieve 50% growth inhibition in μg/mL. No effect.
Values in parenthesis indicate concentration in micromolar (μM).