Kangfuxin Oral Liquid Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis via the TGF-β1/Smad Pathway

Figure 2

KFXOL suppresses the proliferation and differentiation of mouse lung fibroblasts (MLFs) in vitro and in vivo. (a) A CCK-8 assay was performed to assess cell viability after treatment with various concentrations of KFXOL for 48 h. (b) The relative viabilities of MLFs were measured by CCK-8 assay at 48 h Values were normalized to GF-β1-treated controls, representing 100% cell viability. (c) The growth of MLFs was accomplished by cell counting at different time points. (d, e) Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis was used to assess the expression of cell cycle positive and negative regulated genes. (f) Representative IHC images stained using anti-KI67 antibodies; staining intensities are quantified in (g). (h) qPCR analysis of α-SMA expression in vitro. (i) Representative IHC staining of α-SMA in lung tissues and the relative expression levels of α-SMA were quantified in (j) using ImageJ software. Data are presented as the mean ± SD, with all experiments performed in triplicate; n = 8; ; .

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