Thirteen-Week Oral Toxicity Study of HVC1 in Rats

Table 6

Serum biochemical values in HVC1-treated male rats.

Test item (unit)	Treatment group (mg/kg/day)
	Control	500	1,000	2,000
AST (IU/L)	113 ± 22	113 ± 34	109 ± 24	125 ± 47
ALT (IU/L)	30 ± 4	31 ± 8	32 ± 10	41 ± 25
ALP (IU/L)	275 ± 39	280 ± 51	263 ± 38	233 ± 37
GGT (IU/L)	0.1 ± 0.3	0.1 ± 0.3	0.1 ± 0.3	0.1 ± 0.3
Lactate dehydrogenase (IU/L)	1441 ± 585	1295 ± 651	1123 ± 351	1164 ± 340
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)	18.0 ± 1.8	16.6 ± 2.0	17.2 ± 2.1	15.7 ± 1.1
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.08 ± 0.84	1.29 ± 0.76	1.04 ± 0.50	0.87 ± 0.64
Glucose (mg/dL)	179 ± 20	180 ± 27	192 ± 24	176 ± 26
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	64 ± 9	57 ± 7	59 ± 7	59 ± 13
Total protein (g/dL)	6.2 ± 0.2	6.0 ± 0.2	6.1 ± 0.2	6.0 ± 0.4
Creatine phosphokinase (U/L)	644 ± 261	576 ± 284	480 ± 166	522 ± 147
Albumin (g/dL)	2.1 ± 0.1	2.0 ± 0.1	2.0 ± 0.1	2.1 ± 0.2
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.03 ± 0.01	0.04 ± 0.02	0.03 ± 0.03	0.06 ± 0.04
Albumin/Globulin ratio	0.51 ± 0.03	0.52 ± 0.04	0.49 ± 0.03	0.53 ± 0.04
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	48 ± 19	39 ± 18	39 ± 13	36 ± 13
Uric acid (mg/dL)	1.9 ± 0.5	1.9 ± 0.4	2.2 ± 0.3	± 0.7
Calcium (mg/dL)	9.3 ± 0.4	9.4 ± 0.4	9.6 ± 0.4	9.8 ± 0.5
Inorganic phosphorus (mg/dL)	9.4 ± 0.6	9.2 ± 0.6	9.8 ± 0.6	± 1.1
Chloride (mmol/L)	106 ± 1	107 ± 2	107 ± 2	107 ± 1
Magnesium (mg/dL)	2.6 ± 0.2	2.6 ± 0.2	2.8 ± 0.2	± 0.3
Sodium (mmol/L)	144 ± 1	145 ± 1	144 ± 2	144 ± 1
Potassium (mmol/L)	5.0 ± 0.7	5.1 ± 0.6	5.4 ± 0.3	± 1.0

AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; GGT: gamma(γ)-glutamyl transferase. Values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 10). < 0.05, < 0.05 compared with the control group.