Thirteen-Week Oral Toxicity Study of HVC1 in Rats

Table 7

Serum biochemical values in HVC1-treated female rats.

Test item (unit)	Treatment group (mg/kg/day)
	Control	500	1,000	2,000
AST (IU/L)	153 ± 85	138 ± 57	136 ± 71	121 ± 27
ALT (IU/L)	44 ± 25	40 ± 21	34 ± 22	33 ± 14
ALP (IU/L)	110 ± 21	135 ± 30	114 ± 27	136 ± 49
GGT (IU/L)	0.0 ± 0.0	0.3 ± 0.5	0.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0
Lactate dehydrogenase (IU/L)	1307 ± 848	1381 ± 838	1300 ± 598	1340 ± 407
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)	20.6 ± 3.6	18.6 ± 2.1	21.9 ± 6.2	21.9 ± 6.5
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.69 ± 0.08	0.69 ± 0.09	0.70 ± 0.17	0.72 ± 0.15
Glucose (mg/dL)	154 ± 29	167 ± 35	167 ± 41	152 ± 33
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	85 ± 18	82 ± 15	81 ± 14	79 ± 19
Total protein (g/dL)	7.1 ± 0.4	6.9 ± 0.3	7.0 ± 0.4	7.0 ± 0.3
Creatine phosphokinase (U/L)	571 ± 347	592 ± 351	624 ± 323	542 ± 137
Albumin (g/dL)	2.9 ± 0.2	2.8 ± 0.2	2.9 ± 0.3	2.8 ± 0.2
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.10 ± 0.04	0.08 ± 0.03	0.12 ± 0.13	0.07 ± 0.02
Albumin/Globulin ratio	0.69 ± 0.02	0.67 ± 0.05	0.68 ± 0.05	0.68 ± 0.04
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	49 ± 30	56 ± 31	45 ± 21	40 ± 25
Uric acid (mg/dL)	1.8 ± 0.4	1.7 ± 0.4	1.9 ± 0.4	1.7 ± 0.4
Calcium (mg/dL)	10.1 ± 0.5	10.1 ± 0.4	10.3 ± 0.6	10.2 ± 0.5
Inorganic phosphorus (mg/dL)	8.3 ± 1.3	8.4 ± 0.7	9.0 ± 0.8	9.3 ± 1.0
Chloride (mmol/L)	106 ± 3	105 ± 1	106 ± 1	105 ± 2
Magnesium (mg/dL)	2.9 ± 0.2	2.9 ± 0.2	2.9 ± 0.3	3.1 ± 0.2
Sodium (mmol/L)	143 ± 1	143 ± 1	143 ± 1	143 ± 1
Potassium (mmol/L)	5.2 ± 0.9	5.2 ± 0.6	5.6 ± 0.9	5.6 ± 0.5

AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; GGT: gamma(γ)-glutamyl transferase. Values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 10).