Cytotoxicity of Crude Extract and Isolated Constituents of the Dichrostachys cinerea Bark towards Multifactorial Drug-Resistant Cancer Cells

Figure 5

Effect of the crude extract, betulinic acid (1) and valinomycin for 24 h on the MMP of CCRF-CEM cells. IC₅₀ values were 5.69 μg/ml for the crude extract, 8.80 μM for 1, and 0.02 μM for doxorubicin. Intact cells (Q1), loss of MMP (Q2), and ruptured cell membrane (Q3 and Q4).