Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway by Amomum villosum Extract Suppresses LPS-Induced Oxidative Stress In Vitro and Ex Vivo

Figure 1

Effects of AVEE on RAW 264.7 cell viability and on the LPS-induced expressions of proinflammatory enzymes. RAW 264.7 cells were incubated for 24 h in the presence of various concentrations of AVEE (12.5, 25, 50, 100, or 150 μg/mL). Cell viabilities were measured using an MTT assay (a). Cells were pretreated with various concentrations of AVEE (12.5, 25, 50, or 100 μg/mL) 3 h before LPS stimulation and then incubated for a further 18 h in the presence of LPS (1 μg/mL). Protein levels of iNOS (b) and COX-2 (c) were detected by western blotting. Results are presented as the means ± SDs of three independent experiments. versus treatment naïve controls. and versus LPS treated controls.

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