Comparative Effects of Isokinetic Training and Virtual Reality Training on Sports Performances in University Football Players with Chronic Low Back Pain-Randomized Controlled Study

Table 2

Comparison of pain intensity, sprint performance, and submaximal shuttle running of IKT, VRT, and control groups.

Sr. no.	Variable	IKT-G	VRT-G	Control-G	p value
1	Pain intensity
	Baseline	7.3 ± 0.5	7.1 ± 0.6	7.3 ± 0.6	0.514
	4 weeks	4.8 ± 0.4	3.9 ± 0.5	6.2 ± 0.4	0.001
	8 weeks	2.7 ± 0.3	1.2 ± 0.4	5.4 ± 0.4	0.001
	6 months	1.9 ± 0.3	0.8 ± 0.4	4.2 ± 0.5	0.001
	p value	0.001	0.001	0.001
2	Player wellness
	Baseline	8.34 ± 1.3	8.52 ± 1.4	8.49 ± 1.5	0.944
	4 weeks	12.12 ± 1.2	14.43 ± 1.4	9.40 ± 1.4	0.001
	8 weeks	16.62 ± 1.4	18.05 ± 1.3	10.35 ± 1.3	0.001
	6 months	18.23 ± 1.4	20.79 ± 1.3	12.38 ± 1.5	0.001
	p value	0.001	0.001	0.001
3	40 m sprint
	Baseline	15.35 ± 0.2	15.48 ± 0.3	15.12 ± 0.3	0.541
	4 weeks	10.35 ± 0.2	8.12 ± 0.2	13.28 ± 0.3	0.001
	8 weeks	6.41 ± 0.3	5.25 ± 0.2	9.19 ± 0.1	0.001
	6 months	5.46 ± 0.1	4.81 ± 0.2	8.15 ± 0.3	0.001
	p value	0.001	0.001	0.001
3	4 × 5 m sprint (s)
	Baseline	23.81 ± 1.8	23.92 ± 1.6	23.19 ± 1.5	0.507
	4 weeks	18.26 ± 0.5	15.12 ± 0.5	19.09 ± 0.5	0.001
	8 weeks	12.22 ± 0.4	10.95 ± 0.5	17.08 ± 0.6	0.001
	6 months	8.96 ± 0.4	7.54 ± 0.3	15.01 ± 0.5	0.001
	p value	0.001	0.001	0.001
4	Submaximal shuttle running A/P
	Baseline	8.76 ± 2.2	7.93 ± 2.3	8.62 ± 2.4	0.643
	4 weeks	18.69 ± 2.5	20.33 ± 2.3	12.81 ± 2.5	0.001
	8 weeks	24.86 ± 2.8	28.02 ± 2.5	15.55 ± 2.1	0.001
	6 months	30.69 ± 2.2	32.67 ± 3.3	18.82 ± 3.4	0.001
	M/L
	p value	0.001	0.001	0.001
	Baseline	10.46 ± 3.2	11.53 ± 3.3	10.62 ± 3.2	0.685
	4 weeks	16.69 ± 3.2	19.33 ± 3.3	12.81 ± 3.5	0.001
	8 weeks	24.86 ± 3.3	26.02 ± 3.5	15.55 ± 3.2	0.001
	6 months	28.79 ± 3.2	32.67 ± 4.3	16.82 ± 3.9	0.001
	p value	0.001	0.001	0.001
	Vertical
	Baseline	16.62 ± 4.2	17.53 ± 3.8	17.62 ± 3.2	0.772
	4 weeks	24.69 ± 4.2	28.33 ± 4.3	20.81 ± 3.5	0.001
	8 weeks	36.86 ± 3.8	40.02 ± 3.5	24.55 ± 3.2	0.001
	6 months	45.45 ± 4.2	59.67 ± 4.3	30.82 ± 4.9	0.001
	p value	0.001	0.001	0.001

Nonsignificant; significant.