The Efficacy and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tonifying-Shen (Kidney) Principle for Primary Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 3

Brief table of risk assessment.

Risk of bias assessment (yes/no/unclear)
No.	Included studies (first author, year)	Random sequence generation	Allocation concealment	Blinding of participants, personnel, and outcome assessors	Incomplete outcome data	Selective outcome reporting	Other sources of bias
1	Zheng et al. [19], 2019	Randomization number table	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
2	Liu and Wang [42], 2016	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
3	Xu et al. [43], 2018	Draw opaque envelope randomly	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
4	Zhu et al. [20], 2012	Using a computer random number generator	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
5	Zhao et al. [21], 2018	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
6	Yuan et al. [22], 2014	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
7	Huang [23], 2015	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
8	Wu et al. [24], 2005	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
9	Liu et al. [25], 2011 (3)	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
10	Lu [47], 2014	Doll’s clinical case random table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
11	Han et al. [44], 2011	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
12	Liu et al. [26], 2011 (1)	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
13	Peng et al. [48], 2017	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
14	Peng et al. [49], 2018	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
15	Zhong et al. [50], 2018	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
16	Zou et al. [53], 2018	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
17	Ma et al. [45], 2018	Drawing of lots	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
18	Lin [51], 2006 (1)	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
19	Lin [52], 2006 (2)	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
20	Qi [27], 2016	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
21	Li et al. [28], 2017	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
22	Hu and Li [29], 2012	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
23	Liu and Gong [30], 2018	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
24	Chen et al. [31], 2017	Coin tossing	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
25	Zou [32], 2016	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
26	Han [33], 2013	Coin tossing	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
27	Huang et al. [34], 2018	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
28	Huang et al. [35], 2017	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
29	Song et al. [36], 2015	Draw lots randomly	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
30	Pan and Ding [37], 2014	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
31	Wang [38], 2018	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
32	Gui et al. [39], 2017	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
33	Liu et al. [40], 2011 (2)	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
34	Ouyang et al. [46], 2011	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
35	Zhou et al. [54], 2016	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No
36	Xie et al. [41], 2018	Randomization number table	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	No	No