Mud Therapy Combined with Core Exercise for Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Pilot, Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 2
Change in pain intensity and pain pressure threshold between groups.
Intervention (n = 16)
Control (n = 15)
Group difference
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Intervention pre-post
Control pre-post
Pain intensity
At rest
4.9 ± 1.4
2.0 ± 1.1.
0.001
4.9 ± 1.5
3.4 ± 1.4
0.001
2.9 ± 1.9
1.6 ± 1.3
0.048
During movement
6.1 ± 1.8
2.3 ± 1.1
0.001
6.0 ± 1.9
3.4 ± 1.5
0.001
3.8 ± 2.1
2.6 ± 1.5
0.099
PPT
L1-M
4.8 ± 2.4
8.7 ± 3.0
<0.001
4.9 ± 1.3
7.1 ± 3.2
0.013
3.9 ± 2.4
2.2 ± 3.8
0.066
L3-M
4.3 ± 1.8
7.5 ± 2.7
0.001
4.5 ± 1.6
6.5 ± 2.4
0.023
3.2 ± 2.1
2.0 ± 2.2
0.009
L5-M
4.6 ± 2.8
9.0 ± 3.6
<0.001
4.9 ± 2.7
6.2 ± 3.7
0.002
4.4 ± 3.5
1.4 ± 3.2
0.011
L1-L
4.1 ± 2.4
7.9 ± 3.2
<0.001
4.6 ± 2.5
6.3 ± 3.6
0.002
3.8 ± 3.2
1.8 ± 2.7
0.093
L3-L
4.1 ± 2.5
9.2 ± 3.8
0.001
4.4 ± 2.8
6.2 ± 3.7
0.003
5.1 ± 3.7
1.8 ± 2.4
0.060
PPT: pain pressure threshold; L1-M: 2 cm lateral to the L1 spinous process; L3-M: 2 cm lateral to the L3 spinous process; L5-M: 2 cm lateral to the L5 spinous process; L1-L: 5 cm lateral to the L1 spinous process; L3-L: 5 cm lateral to the L1 spinous process. Values are expressed as mean ± SD. .
