Review Article

Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of the Effects of Tai Chi on Blood Pressure

Table 1

Characteristics and quality assessments of the included trials.

First author, yearParticipants (total, E/C)Age (mean (SD), E/C)HypertensionExperimental interventionControlDuration, sessions with supervision per week, time per session

Min Yan 200368, 37/3120.12 (1.08)/20.72 (0.64)NoTai ChiN6 months, 3–5, 40–8-min
Jen-Chen Tsai 200376, 37/3951.6 (16.3)/50.5 (9.8)NoTai ChiN12 weeks, 3, 50 min
Jingjie Wei 200625, 13/1221.62 (1.45)/21.58 (1.44)NoTai ChiFW8 weeks, 5, 30 min
Paul Lam 200846, 24/2263.2 (8.6)/60.7 (12.2)NoTai ChiN1–3 months, 2, 60 min
4–6 months, 1, 60 min
Arnaud Dechamps 200921, 11/1044.4 (11.9)NoTai ChiAE10 weeks, 1, 120 min
Qinqin Sun 201064, 32/3257.19 (8.09)/57.25/5.63YesTai ChiN3 months, 6, 90 min
Zhikun Jing 201131, 15/1658.47 (9.65)/59.12 (6.26)YesLow Strength Tai ChiN10 weeks, 3, 60 min
Zhikun Jing 201131, 15/1657.53 (6.35)/59.12 (6.26)YesMedium-intensity Tai ChiN10 weeks, 3, 60 min
Li Dai 201268, 48,2068.10 (5.27)/69.30 (5.91)NoTai ChiWalking12 weeks, 5, 30 min
Nowen Beebe 201326, 13/1360.4 (6.2)/62.6 (5.9)NoTai ChiN16 weeks, 3, 45 min
Rifeng Huang 201450, 25/2562.5 (7.5)YesTai ChiN8 weeks, 7, 45 min
Lin Chen 201434, 17/1753.2 (9.8)/57.3 (11.2)NoTai ChiN3 months, 3, 90 min
Lin Chen 201440, 20/2053.35 (9.69)/58.45 (11.50)NoTai ChiN3 months, 3, 90 min
Fei Wang 201558, 30/2837.47 (8.41)/41.57 (10.53)NoTai ChiBG3 months, 5, 45 min
Wei Lu 201525, 15/1062.00 (3.59)YesTai ChiN16 weeks, 6, 60 min
Chenglin Cui 201530, 15/1560.0 (7.5)/61.4 (3.5)YesTai ChiN3 months, 3, 60 min
Chenglin Cui 201530, 15/1562.9 (6.0)/63.2 (7.6)YesTai ChiN3 months, 3, 60 min
Jingjing Geng 201657, 30/2734 (7)/38 (5)NoTai ChiAE3 months, 5, 45 min
Wenqi Liu 201660, 30/3056.33 (7.16)/56.80 (6.78)YesTai ChiN12 weeks, 5, 40 min
Shuai Zheng 201733, 17/1635.4 (2.1)/34.6 (2.3)NoTai ChiN12 weeks, 1, 120 min
Shuai Zheng 201734, 17/1735.4 (2.1)/32 (1.8)NoTai ChiAE12 weeks, 1, 120 min
Dailiang Zhang 201773, 36/3766.33 (4.74)/67.51 (4.09)YesTai ChiWalking12 weeks, 3, 60 min
Hang Yang 201760, 30/3045.9 (0.7)NoTai ChiN16 weeks, 3, 90 min
Jinmei Fan 201775, 35/4062.80 (8.10)/60.45 (8.13)NoTai ChiAE12 weeks, 5, 60 min
Nan Zhu 201720, 10/1059.76 (5.21)/60.11 (5.59)NoChen’s Tai ChiN3 months, 5, 60 min
Nan Zhu 201720, 10/1060.78 (5.56)/60.11 (5.59)NoYang’s Tai ChiN3 months, 5, 60 min
Víctor Manuel MendozaNúñez 201885, 48/3767.4(4.7)/68.2 (6.6)NoTai ChiN6 months, 5, 50 min
Xiaoling Shou 2018198, 98/10052.35 (3.26)/51.35 (4.21)YesTai ChiN3 months, 7–14, 45–60 min
Wenli Bao 201860, 30,3047.83 (5.35)/46.98 (5.15)YesTai ChiAE20 weeks, 3-4, 60 min
Wenli Bao 201860, 30/3047.83 (5.35)/47.12 (4.90)YesTai ChiYoga20 weeks, 3-4, 60 min
Wenli Bao 201860, 30/3047.83 (5.35)/47.22 (5.15)YesTai ChiWalking20 weeks, 3-4, 60 min

E: experimental group; C: control group; N: no exercise; NR: not reported; min: minute; SD: standard deviation; FW: fitness walking; BG: Broadcast Gymnastics; AE: aerobic exercise.