Amelioration of Rheumatoid Arthritis by <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> via Inhibition of Collagenase and Lysosomal Enzymes

<div>(a) Treatment with <i>A. occidentale</i> significantly reduced the histopathological score. The data is presented as mean ± SD for <i>n</i> = 6. <svg height="11.5773pt" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-0.04979992pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.5275 13.9427 11.5773" width="13.9427pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M457 455H370L403 612H360L326 455H218L252 612H210L175 455H77L68 394H161L132 257H31L20 196H117L77 19H120L159 196H268L230 19H272L311 196H402L412 257H325L355 394H447L457 455ZM313 394L283 257H175L204 394H313Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,4.432,-5.741)"><path d="M457 455H370L403 612H360L326 455H218L252 612H210L175 455H77L68 394H161L132 257H31L20 196H117L77 19H120L159 196H268L230 19H272L311 196H402L412 257H325L355 394H447L457 455ZM313 394L283 257H175L204 394H313Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.863,-5.741)"><path d="M457 455H370L403 612H360L326 455H218L252 612H210L175 455H77L68 394H161L132 257H31L20 196H117L77 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602Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,49.103,0)"><path d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,55.343,0)"><path d="M275 270C275 450 212 609 64 710L45 686C145 604 203 442 203 270S147 -63 45 -147L64 -170C213 -68 275 89 275 270Z"></path></g></svg> indicating significant difference compared to control group, while <svg height="10.1524pt" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.04990005pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.1025 6.17869 10.1524" width="6.17869pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M486 158C486 177 478 202 466 220C413 228 386 236 336 262C386 288 413 297 466 304C478 323 486 347 485 366C470 376 444 381 422 380C389 338 368 319 321 288C323 345 329 372 349 422C339 442 322 461 305 470C289 461 271 442 262 422C281 372 287 345 290 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(b) H&amp;E staining, showing normal ankle joint tissue, normal synovium, cartilage, bone, and no inflammation (control group); severe inflammation, pannus, and bony erosion (arthritic group); resolution of inflammation, pannus formation, and bony erosion (low-dose and high-dose AO group); and resolution of inflammation, pannus formation, and bony erosion (piroxicam group).</div>

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

fig3

Figure 3

Figure 3: Amelioration of Rheumatoid Arthritis by <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> via Inhibition of Collagenase and Lysosomal Enzymes 

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Amelioration of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Anacardium occidentale via Inhibition of Collagenase and Lysosomal Enzymes

Figure 3