Effect and Comparison of Luteolin and Its Derivative Sodium Luteolin-4′-sulfonate on Adipogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells through AMPK-Mediated PPARγ Signaling

Figure 4

Effect of luteolin and luteolin-OSO₃Na on the protein levels of MAPK and AMPK proteins in adipo-induced hBM-MSCs. Cells were seeded in 6-well plates and induced with adipocyte differentiation medium in the absence or presence of compounds (10 μM). Following 10 days of incubation, cell lysates were used for the detection of total and phosphorylated p protein levels of p38, ERK, JNK, and AMPK using western blotting. β-Actin was used as internal loading control. Values are means ± SD (n = 3). Different letters (A–D) indicate statistically significant difference () by Duncan’s multiple range test [15].

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