Natural Compound Mixture, Containing Emodin, Genipin, Chlorogenic Acid, Cimigenoside, and Ginsenoside Rb1, Ameliorates Psoriasis-Like Skin Lesions by Suppressing Inflammation and Proliferation in Keratinocytes

Figure 4

Effects of PSM on proliferation and the related signaling pathways in IL-22-stimulated HaCaT cells. (a) HaCaT cells were pretreated with PSM (10, 50 μM) or DEX (10 μM) for 1 h and then stimulated with IL-22 (100 ng/ml) for 48 h. Cell proliferation was measured using a BrdU proliferation assay kit. (b) Protein expression of K16 and K17 were assessed by Western blot analysis, and the band intensities were normalized versus β-actin. (c) The effects of PSM on the cell cycle were assessed using a Muse Cell Cycle kit. Proliferation index (PI) = (S + G2/M)/(G0/G1+S + G2/M). (d) HaCaT cells were pretreated with PSM (50 μM) or DEX (10 μM) for 1 h and then stimulated with IL-22 for 30 min. Protein expressions of p-Akt and p-mTOR were assessed by Western blot, and the band intensities were normalized versus Akt and mTOR, respectively. (e) HaCaT cells were pretreated with wortmannin (1 μM) for 1 h and then stimulated with IL-22 (100 ng/ml) for 48 h. Cell proliferation was measured using a BrdU proliferation assay kit. The results are presented as the means ± SDs (n = 3 per experiment). vs. normal controls. vs. IL-22-treated cells.

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