Effect of Coptis chinensis on Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Susceptibility in Mycobacterium abscessus

Table 2

Minimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics alone and in combination with berberine-HCl at different concentrations to treat Mycobacterium abscessus.

Antibiotic (target)	Minimal inhibitory concentration (μg/mL)
	Antibiotic alone	Berberine-HCl (mg/mL)
		¼ × MIC	½ × MIC	MIC^a	2 × MIC
Folate
TMP/SXT	>8/152	8/152	4/76	NG	NG
Protein (50S)
CLA	0.5	0.5	0.12	NG	NG
LZD	32	32	4	NG	NG
Protein (30S)
AMI	16	16	8	NG	NG
TOB	16	16	16	NG	NG
DOX	>16	>16	>16	NG	NG
MIN	>8	>8	>8	NG	NG
TGC	0.5–1	0.5–1	0.25–0.5^b	NG	NG
Cell wall
IMI	64	64	32	NG	NG
FOX	64	64	32	NG	NG
FEP	>32	>32	32	NG	NG
AXO	>64	>64	>64	NG	NG
AUG	>64/32	>64/32	>64/32	NG	NG
Nucleic acid
CIP	>4	>4	4	NG	NG
MXF	>8	>8	>8	NG	NG

^aMIC = 0.25 mg/mL. ^bTwofold reduction of MIC for combination with berberine-HCl 0.125 mg/mL. TMP/SXT, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; CLA, clarithromycin; LZD, linezolid; IMI, imipenem; FOX, cefoxitin; CIP, ciprofloxacin; MXF, moxifloxacin; DOX, doxycycline; MIN, minocycline; AMI, amikacin; TOB, tobramycin; AUG, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid; AXO, ceftriaxone; FEP, cefepime; TGC, tigecycline; NG, no growth.