Liu Wei Di Huang Wan and the Delay of Insulin Use in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan: A Nationwide Study

Table 5

Hazard of insulin use TCM including stratification dose of LWDHW estimated using cox proportional hazards model with National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan, 2000–2012.

Herbal product usage	Case/population	aHR (95% CI)	aHR (95% CI)
Total diabetic patients	17,451/70,036
Stratified by dose (g)
Never used	9,414/32,129	Reference
CHPs without LWDHW	4,486/20,962	0.58 (0.56–0.60)	Reference
LWDHW < 36	856/3,952	0.55 (0.51–0.59)	0.92 (0.86–0.99)
36 ≤ LWDHW < 90	980/4,380	0.55 (0.52–0.59)	0.93 (0.87–1.00)
90 ≤ LWDHW < 265	904/4,356	0.51 (0.47–0.54)	0.85 (0.79–0.91)
LWDHW ≥ 265	811/4,257	0.45 (0.42–0.49)	0.74 (0.69–0.80)
Stratified by time (days)
Never used	9,414/32,129	Reference
CHPs without LWDHW	4,486/20,962	0.58 (0.56–0.60)	Reference
LWDHW < 7	622/2,539	0.60 (0.56–0.65)	1.01 (0.93–1.10)
7 ≤ LWDHW < 21	1,277/5,866	0.54 (0.51–0.58)	0.91 (0.85–0.97)
21 ≤ LWDHW < 60	898/4,340	0.51 (0.48–0.55)	0.86 (0.80–0.92)
LWDHW ≥ 60	754/4,200	0.43 (0.40–0.46)	0.70 (0.65–0.76)

Adjusted for sex, age, comorbidity, and number of antidiabetics.