Relationship between Acute Mastitis and Constitution of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Chinese Breastfeeding Mothers

Table 3

Distribution of maternity or lactation-related factors between the two groups.

Variables		Case group	Control group	value
		N = 184 (%)	N = 201 (%)
Parity	Primipara	157 (85.3%)	188 (93.5%)	0.008
	Multipara	27 (14.7)	13 (6.5%)
Primiparity age	18–28 years old	62 (33.7%)	113 (56.2%)	<0.001
	29–35 years old	110 (59.8%)	83 (41.3%)
	36–45 years old	12 (6.5%)	5 (2.5%)
Mode of delivery	Vaginal delivery	102 (55.4%)	110 (54.7%)	0.845
	Cesarean section	80 (43.5%)	90 (44.8%)
	Delivery with forceps	2 (1.1%)	1 (0.5%)
Fetal status	Fetal full-term	149 (81.0%)	193 (96.0%)	<0.001
	Preterm birth	16 (8.7%)	5 (2.5%)
	Fetal overdue birth	19 (10.3%)	3 (1.5%)
Postpartum colostrum	≤24 hours	75 (40.8%)	126 (62.7%)	<0.001
	25–48 hours	44 (23.9%)	57(28.3%)
	49–72 hours	46 (25%)	13 (6.5%)
	≥72 hours	19 (10.3%)	5 (2.5%)
First lactation time after delivery	≤24 hours	79 (42.9%)	111(55.2%)	<0.001
	25–48 hours	40 (21.7%)	62 (30.8%)
	49–72 hours	35 (19.0%)	19 (9.5%)
	≥72 hours	30 (16.3%)	9 (4.5%)
Times of breastfeeding each day	≤2 times	7 (3.8%)	1 (0.5%)	<0.001
	3–6 times	88 (47.8%)	143 (71.1%)
	≥7 times	89 (48.4%)	57 (28.4%)
Time of consecutive feeds with same breast	≤10 minutes	17 (9.2%)	8 (4.0%)	<0.001
	10–15 minutes	80 (43.5%)	61 (30.3%)
	16–30 minutes	70 (38.0%)	128 (63.7%)
	≥30 minutes	17 (9.2%)	4 (2.0%)
Milk yield	Insufficient	54 (29.4%)	45 (22.4%)	0.285
	Adequate or redundant	111 (60.3%)	135 (67.2%)
	Surplus	19 (10.3%)	21 (10.4%)
Milk pump damage	Yes	152 (82.6%)	174 (86.6%)	0.281
	No	32 (17.4%)	27 (13.4%)
Lactagogue food	Yes	74 (40.2%)	95 (47.3%)	0.164
	No	110 (59.8%)	106 (52.7%)
Crater nipple	Yes	34 (18.5%)	43 (21.4%)	0.475
	No	150 (81.5%)	158 (78.6%)
Times of nipple cleansing each day	≤1 times	79 (43.0%)	35 (17.4%)	<0.001
	2–3 times	58 (31.5%)	60 (29.9%)
	≥4 times	47 (25.5%)	106 (52.7%)

between the groups.