The Effects of Sesame Consumption on Glycemic Control in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trial

Table 3

Pooled estimates of the effects of sesame supplementation on glycemic control biomarkers within different subgroups³.

	Number of trials		WMD (95% CI)		P value		P heterogeneity		I^2 (%)
	FBS	HbA1c	FBS	HbA1c	FBS	HbA1c	FBS	HbA1c	FBS	HbA1c
Total	7	5	−28.22 (−39.15, −17.29)	−1.00 (−1.11, −0.88)	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.663	97.6	0
Type of intervention
Sesame capsule	1	1	−35.64 (−54.25, −17.02)	−0.84 (−1.43, −0.24)	<0.001	0.005	—	—	—	—
Sesame seed	2	1	−14.53 (−29.41, 0.35)	−0.60 (−1.16, −0.03)	0.056	0.036	0.786	—	0	—
Sesame oil	4	3	−30.88 (−44.33, −17.42)	−1.02 (−1.14, −0.89)	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.971	98.8	0
Duration of treatment
<8 wk	2	1	−15.10 (−16.28, −13.92)	−1.03 (−1.18, −0.87)	<0.001	<0.001	0.845	—	0	—
=8 wk	4	3	−18.38 (−31.58, −5.19)	−0.93 (−1.12, −0.74)	0.006	<0.001	<0.001	0.407	87.8	0
>8 wk	1	1	−84.36 (−94.00, −74.72)	−1.06 (−1.78, −0.33)	<0.001	0.004	—	—	—	—
Sample size
<40	2	2	−14.53 (−29.41, 0.35)	−0.90 (−1.28, −0.52)	0.056	<0.001	0.786	0.147	0	52.3
≥40	5	3	−31.58 (−43.98, −19.19)	−0.98 (−1.18, −0.78)	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.866	98.4	0
Study quality
High	3	1	−18.12 (−40.39, 4.14)	−0.84 (−1.43, −0.24)	0.111	0.005	0.008	—	79.3	—
Low	4	4	−34.32 (−48.25, −20.40)	−1.00 (−1.12, −0.88)	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.547	98.7	0

CI, confidence interval; FBS, fasting blood sugar; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; WMD, weighted mean difference.