Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Effectiveness of Physical Activity and Finger Millet-Based Food Supplement on Biochemical Parameters and Bone Mineral Density among Premenopausal Women

Table 1

Classification of bone mineral density (BMD; t-score) and serum calcium (Ca, mg/dL) with serum phosphorus (P, mg/dL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP, U/L), and age (years) of premenopausal women.


S. No.	Category	BMD	Ca	Number	P	ALP	Age

1	Normal	>−1	<9.0	209	3.48 ± 0.57	82.5 ± 25.7	35.1 ± 3.1
1	Normal	>−1	>9.0	336	3.48 ± 0.61	81.5 ± 26.3	34.8 ± 3.2
2	Osteopenia	−1 to −2.5	<9.0	153	1.97 ± 0.48	33.4 ± 15.1	34.8 ± 3.2
2	Osteopenia	−1 to −2.5	>9.0	12	3.19 ± 0.55	87.3 ± 29.3	34.8 ± 3.1
3	Osteoporosis	<−2.5	<9.0	10	1.82 ± 0.16	30.0 ± 1.8	33.7 ± 3.2
3	Osteoporosis	<−2.5	>9.0	0	-	-	-
Statistical analysis				χ² = 122.2	F = 226.0	F = 130.0	F = 0.757

Values are mean ± SD (n = 720). χ² analysis for BMD with Ca < 9.0 and >9.0 mg/dL groups. Statistically significant from the respective Ca > 9.0 (mg/dL) group by one-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni t-test.