Research Article

Distal Acupoints Outperform Proximal Acupoints in Treating Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 1

Distal acupoints, proximal acupoints, and sham acupoints were used in this study.

GroupAcupointsLocation [16]Application

Distal (DG)Quchi (LI11)On the lateral aspect of the elbow, at the midpoint of the line connecting LU5 with the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.Bilateral, perpendicular insertion, 15–30 mm depth
Shaohai (HT3)On the anteromedial aspect of the elbow, just anterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus, at the same level as the cubital crease.Bilateral, perpendicular insertion, 15–30 mm depth
Tianjing (TE10)On the posterior aspect of the elbow, in the depression 1 B-cun proximal to the prominence of the olecranon.Bilateral, oblique insertion (30°), 15–30 mm depth

Proximal (PG)Yanglingquan (GB34)On the fibular aspect of the leg, in the depression anterior and distal to the head of the fibula.Bilateral, perpendicular insertion, 15–30 mm depth
Yinlingquan (SP9)On the tibial aspect of the leg, in the depression between the inferior border of the medial condyle of the tibia and the medial border of the tibia.Bilateral, perpendicular insertion, 15–30 mm depth
Heding (EX-LE2)Above the knee, in the depression of the midpoint of the superior patellar border.Bilateral, oblique insertion (30°), 15–30 mm depth

Sham (SG)Zhongwan (CV12)On the upper abdomen, 4 B-cun superior to the center of the umbilicus, on the anterior median line.Unilateral, perpendicular nonpenetrating insertion.
Liangmen (ST21)On the upper abdomen, 4 B-cun superior to the center of the umbilicus, 2 B-cun lateral to the anterior median line.Bilateral, perpendicular nonpenetrating insertion.