Saikosaponin D Inhibits the Proliferation and Promotes the Apoptosis of Rat Hepatic Stellate Cells by Inducing Autophagosome Formation

Figure 1

Effects of SSd on HSC-T6 cell proliferation. (a) HSC-T6 cell viability was detected after 25, 50, 100, 200, or 400 μmol/L acetaldehyde treatment for 24 or 48 h using the CCK-8 kit. (b) Cell viability of nonactivated and acetaldehyde-activated HSC-T6 cells was detected after 2, 5, or 10 μmol/L SSd treatment for 24 h using the CCK-8 kit. The ns means no significant difference versus 0 μmol/L SSd-treated nonactivated HSC-T6 cells. The Ns means no significant difference versus 0 μmol/L SSd-treated acetaldehyde-activated HSC-T6 cells. , versus 0 μmol/L SSd-treated acetaldehyde-activated HSC-T6 cells. The NS means no significant difference versus control group cells. (c) Acetaldehyde-activated HSC-T6 cell proliferation was detected under SSd treatment for 48 h using the EdU kit and flow cytometry. (d) The percentage of proliferating cells based on EdU flow cytometry detection. versus control group (nonactivated HSC-T6 cells); versus 0 μmol/L SSd treatment group; versus 5 μmol/L SSd treatment group. (b, d) Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). One-way ANOVA and then Tukey’s multiple comparisons test were used for statistical analysis. (e) The expression level of Ki67 in acetaldehyde-activated HSC-T6 cells was detected by western blot analysis after 48 h of SSd treatment.

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