Qiyusanlong Formula Induces Autophagy in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells and Xenografts through the mTOR Signaling Pathway

Figure 4

QYSL formula inhibited tumor growth of NSCLC in vivo. (a) QYSL formula inhibited the tumor growth of xenografts in nude mice. The tumor growth curve, representative tumor tissues, the final average tumor volumes, and tumor weights in each group are shown. (b) Morphological changes associated with autophagy induced by the QYSL formula in tumor tissues. The nude mice were treated with saline (model group), QYSL formula (QYSL group) or RAPA (RAPA group), or QYSL formula and RAPA (combined group). The morphological changes of tumor tissues in each group were detected by TEM. (EM × 20000, 1.0 um). (c) Representative images of western blot showing protein expression of mTOR, ATG-7, p62, Beclin-1, and LC3-II/LC3-I in tumor tissues in vivo. (d) The densitometry values of the bands were normalized to β-actin and represented as relative intensity. and vs. the model group. and vs. the combined group.

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