The Relationship between “Shofuku-Fujin” (Abnormality of Abdominal Examination in Japanese Kampo Medicine) and Body Composition by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 2

Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to determine the body composition characteristics of patients with Shofuku-fujin.

Variable^a	Odds ratio^b (95% confidence interval)
	Unadjusted	value^c	Adjusted^d	value^c
Men
Age	1.07 (1.05–1.09)	<0.001	1.07 (1.05–1.10)	<0.001
SMI	0.49 (0.37–0.66)	<0.001	0.60 (0.43–0.85)	0.004
Body fat percentage	0.92 (0.89–0.96)	<0.001	0.89 (0.85–0.93)	<0.001
ECW/TBW (odds ratio per 0.01 units)	2.42 (1.77–3.39)	<0.001	1.15 (−0.76 - 1.75)	0.52
BMI	0.79 (0.73–0.86)	<0.001
Bone mineral content	0.21 (0.12–0.37)	<0.001
Women
Age	1.05 (1.04–1.06)	<0.001	1.06 (1.04–1.07)	<0.001
SMI	0.73 (0.59–0.90)	0.004	0.99 (0.76–1.23)	0.80
Body fat percentage	0.96 (0.94–0.98)	<0.001	0.94 (0.92–0.96)	<0.001
ECW/TBW (odds ratio per 0.01 units)	1.74 (1.39–2.19)	<0.001	1.06 (−0.81–1.39)	0.68
BMI	0.91 (0.87–0.95)	<0.001
Bone mineral content	0.35 (0.21–0.58)	<0.001

^aVariables presented are age, SMI, body fat percentage, ECW/TBW × 100, BMI, and bone mineral content. ^bAn odds ratio greater than 1.0 represents increased likelihood in the Shofuku-fujin-positive group versus the Shofuku-fujin-negative group. ^cStatistical significance was evaluated at  < 0.05. ^dThe following variables were adjusted: age, SMI, BFP, and ECW/TBW. SMI, skeletal muscle mass index (kg/m²), calculated by dividing the limb skeletal muscle mass (kg) by the square of the height (m²); ECW/TBW, extracellular water/total body water ratio; BMI, body mass index (bodyweight divided by the square of body height (kg/m²)); Sf, Shofuku-fujin