Inhibitory Effects of Porphyra tenera Extract on Oxidation and Inflammatory Responses

Figure 3

Inhibitory effects of PTE on LPS-induced production of NO (a) and PGE₂ (b) in Raw 264.7 cells. Cells (5 × 10⁵ cells/mL) were treated with 0.25, 0.5, or 1 mg/mL PTE for 1 h followed by continuous incubation with 1 μg/mL LPS for the next 20 h L-N⁶-(1-iminoethyl)lysine (L-NIL) and NS-398 (10 μM each) were used as positive controls, respectively. Concentrations of NO and PGE₂ in the culture medium were monitored as described in methods. Data show the means ± SD from three experiments.  < 0.01 compared with the control;  < 0.001,  < 0.01, and  < 0.05 compared with LPS alone.

(a)

(b)