Effect of Tai Chi on Cognitive Function among Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of the literatures.

Study	Exp. average age/range	Exp. group number	Con. average age/range	Con. group number	Exp. group method	Con. group method	Duration of Tai Chi	Country	Measure	Research designs
Kasal 2010 [26]	73.54	13	74.54	13	Tai Chi	N/A	6 months	Brazil	5.6	RCT
Lam 2012 [27]	77.2	92	78.3	169	Tai Chi + stretching and relaxation exercises	Stretching and relaxation exercises	12 months	China	1.3.4.5.6	RCT
Li 2014 [28]	75	22	77	24	Tai Chi	N/A	14 weeks	China	1	RCT
Tai 2016 [21]	70.21	14	76.3	10	Tai Chi	Nonhealth-related social activities	6 weeks	China	1.3	RCT
Sungkarat 2017 [29]	68.3	33	67.5	33	Tai Chi + education	Education	15 weeks	Thailand	4	RCT
Siu 2018 [30]	—	80	—	80	Tai Chi	N/A	16 weeks	China	1	RCT
Huang 2019 [16]	81.9	36	81.9	38	Tai Chi + routine treatments	Routine treatments	10 months	China	1.2	RCT
Wang 2019 [31]	65–69 (3); 70–79 (32); 80–85 (11)	54	65–69 (2); 70–79 (30); 80–85 (16)	54	Tai Chi	N/A	6 months	China	1.4	RCT
Bao 2019 [32]	65.62	31	68.22	31	Tai Chi + health education	Health education	6 months	China	1.2	RCT

Measure: 1, Mini-Mental State Examination; 2, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; 3, Clinical Dementia Rating; 4, logical memory delayed recall score; 5, digit span forward; 6, digit span backward.