Immunological Differences in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Treated with Traditional Japanese Herbal Medicines Hochuekkito, Juzentaihoto, and Ninjin’yoeito from Different Pharmaceutical Companies

Figure 1

Proliferation of PBMCs treated with HET, JTT, or NYT cultured for 72 h at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO₂. Effects of (a) HET, (b) JTT, and (c) NYT on PBMC proliferation. Proliferation was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay after treatment with various concentrations (0–400 μg/mL) of HET, JTT, or NYT manufactured by TJ (black), KR (red), or KO (cyan). Relative cell viability was calculated as the ratio of the absorbance at 450 nm of each treatment group to that of the corresponding untreated control group. Data are shown as mean + SD of more than three independent experiments and were analyzed using the two-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. or vs. control (0 μg/mL) group, and ^† vs. the same concentration group among TJ, KR, and KO. HET, Hochuekkito; JTT, Juzentaihoto; NYT, Ninjin’yoeito; TJ, Tsumura; KR, Kracie; KO, Kotaro.

(a)

(b)

(c)