Phenolic Compounds of Propolis Alleviate Lipid Metabolism Disorder

Table 1

The contents of phenolics identified in poplar-type propolis (mg/g).

Phenolics	Three samples from Anhui Province	Three samples from Hubei Province	Three samples from Hunan Province	Three samples from Shandong Province	Three samples from Zhejiang Province	Average
Caffeic acid	1.85 ± 0.11	2.58 ± 0.13	6.52 ± 0.88	1.28 ± 0.11	3.49 ± 0.39	2.93
p-Coumaric acid	1.81 ± 0.14	1.25 ± 0.10	2.07 ± 0.27	5.45 ± 0.67	1.46 ± 0.18	2.31
Ferulic acid	0.96 ± 0.08	1.15 ± 0.09	2.36 ± 0.25	0.98 ± 0.11	1.44 ± 0.09	1.31
Isoferulic acid	2.63 ± 0.18	1.26 ± 0.12	1.85 ± 0.10	0.59 ± 0.04	1.88 ± 0.27	1.81
3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid	2.51 ± 0.15	1.77 ± 0.15	3.99 ± 0.34	0.70 ± 0.08	2.81 ± 0.31	2.38
Cinnamic acid	0.54 ± 0.05	0.16 ± 0.02	0.18 ± 0.04	0.54 ± 0.04	0.17 ± 0.04	0.36
4-Methoxycinnamic acid	0.79 ± 0.10	0.24 ± 0.05	0.24 ± 0.05	—	0.40 ± 0.08	0.41
Cinnamylidene acetic acid	3.13 ± 0.28	1.95 ± 0.14	0.86 ± 0.07	1.49 ± 0.14	1.14 ± 0.14	1.95
Caffeic acid benzyl ester	17.76 ± 2.11	14.60 ± 1.56	13.31 ± 1.23	4.82 ± 0.55	8.86 ± 1.20	12.85
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester	9.39 ± 1.25	7.74 ± 0.98	10.83 ± 1.87	1.73 ± 0.22	9.52 ± 1.13	8.10
p-Coumaric acid benzyl ester	1.35 ± 0.18	3.65 ± 0.35	7.60 ± 0.11	8.57 ± 1.04	0.77 ± 0.11	3.88
Ferulic acid benzyl ester	4.93 ± 0.53	4.94 ± 0.47	7.59 ± 0.14	—	5.39 ± 0.45	4.63
Caffeic acid cinnamyl ester	9.09 ± 1.32	7.60 ± 0.88	15.57 ± 1.04	10.28 ± 1.56	10.52 ± 1.16	10.36
p-Coumaric acid cinnamyl ester	6.68 ± 0.97	4.76 ± 0.41	7.96 ± 0.93	25.00 ± 3.89	5.54 ± 0.41	9.44
Cinnamic acid cinnamyl ester	0.62 ± 0.04	0.42 ± 0.07	0.62 ± 0.08	5.28 ± 0.58	0.38 ± 0.06	1.32
4-Methoxycinnamic acid cinnamyl ester	2.65 ± 0.15	2.86 ± 0.31	3.02 ± 0.33	—	2.67 ± 0.32	2.31

Note: —, not detected.