Evaluation of Beneficial and Adverse Effects of a Diet Supplemented with Schisandrae Fructus Seed Ethanol Extract on Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Normal and Hypercholesterolemic/Hyperglycemic Mice

Table 2

Effect of dietary supplementation with EtSF-S or FF on serum lipoproteins in ND- and HFFD-fed mice.

Groups	Dose (%, w/w)	HDL (mmol/L)	LDL (mmol/L)	HDL/LDL	LDL/HDL	N-HDL (mmol/L)
ND-fed mice
ND	—	2.10 ± 0.31	0.45 ± 0.10	4.81 ± 0.64	0.21 ± 0.03	0.93 ± 0.21
ND/EtSF-S	10	1.83 ± 0.40	0.33 ± 0.06	5.60 ± 0.89	0.18 ± 0.03	0.60 ± 0.16
ND/FF	0.03	1.92 ± 0.27	0.29 ± 0.04	6.68 ± 1.07	0.15 ± 0.02	0.66 ± 0.23
HFFD-fed mice
ND	—	2.74 ± 0.61	0.51 ± 0.13	5.68 ± 1.16	0.19 ± 0.05	2.26 ± 0.92
HFFD	—	3.93 ± 0.55	0.97 ± 0.28	4.25 ± 0.88	0.25 ± 0.05	3.41 ± 0.74
HFFD/EtSF-S	1	4.07 ± 0.51	0.78 ± 0.21	5.07 ± 0.66†	0.19 ± 0.04^††	3.10 ± 0.71
	5	4.56 ± 0.81	0.83 ± 0.19	5.36 ± 1.05^†	0.19 ± 0.04^††	3.49 ± 1.52
	10	5.15 ± 0.80^††	1.04 ± 0.17	5.29 ± 0.74^†	0.20 ± 0.04^†	3.84 ± 0.67
HFFD/FF	0.03	4.30 ± 0.56	1.29 ± 0.21^†	3.14 ± 0.88^†	0.34 ± 0.09^†	4.29 ± 1.54

Mice were fed with normal diet (ND) or high fructose/fat diet (HFFD) for 3 months. Then, animals were fed with ND or HFFD without and with supplementation with the ethanol extract of Schisandrae Fructus (SF) seed (EtSF-S) or fenofibrate (FF). After 30 days of experiment, serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were measured. In addition, serum HDL/LDL ratio, LDL/HDL ratio, and non-HDL (N-HDL, i.e., TC minus HDL) levels were also determined. The concentrations of EtSF-S in chow diet were estimated on the basis of crude herbal material (SF seed). Values given are the mean ± SD, with N = 10. , vs. ND alone; ^†, ^†† vs. HFFD alone.