An Updated Review on the Secondary Metabolites and Biological Activities of Aspergillus ruber and Aspergillus flavus and Exploring the Cytotoxic Potential of Their Isolated Compounds Using Virtual Screening

Table 2

Free binding energies (∆G) in kcal/mol for compounds identified from A. ruber and A. flavus in human cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK-2), DNA topoisomerase II (TOP-2), and matrix metalloprotinase 13 (MMP-13) active centers using C-docker protocol.

Compound	CDK-2	TOP-2	MMP-13
Echinulin (1)	14.07	26.35	FD
Neoechinulin A (2)	−22.96	−5.07	−26.00
Erythroglaucin (3)	−37.21	−19.45	−35.68
Physcion (4)	−35.63	−16.23	−32.68
Flavoglaucin (5)	−21.40	−3.53	−25.23
Isodihydroauroglaucin (6)	−0.82	15.03	−2.97
Tetrahydroauroglaucin (7)	−8.02	8.27	−15.45
Epoxyisoechinulin A (8)	−22.39	−2.13	−8.94
Preechinulin (9)	−21.94	−10.72	−20.062
Cyclo(Trp-Ana) (10)	−26.50	−14.94	−29.04
Questinol (11)	−37.08	−19.77	−33.94
Neochinulin E (12)	−17.39	−7.88	−18.84
Neochinulin B (13)	−21.03	−4.82	−22.88
Variecolorin H (14)	−16.99	−36.51	−24.82
Variecolorin J (15)	FD	36.51	29.86
Cryptoechinuline G (16)	15.29	30.36	FD
Dihydroxyisoechinulin A (17)	−25.96	−5.31	−8.262
2-(1_1-Dimethyl-2-propen1-yl)-1H-indole-3-carboxaldenhyde (18)	−15.05	−5.94	−19.58
Rubrocristin (19)	−36.00	−17.65	−30.94
Neoechinulin E (20)	−5.90	11.03	−7.58
Eurotinone (21)	−23.47	−11.828	−25.39
Asperflavin (22)	−17.88	−5.264	−14.27
1,6,8-Trihydroxy-4-benzoyloxy-3-methylanthraquinone (23)	−47.41	−23.38	−37.81
2-Methyleurotinone (24)	−20.48	−7.72	−19.16
2-Hydroxydiplopterol (25)	94.27	80.51	FD
Catenarin (26)	−5.05	−5.07	−4.66
2-O-Methyl-9-dehydroxyeurotinone (27)	−18.19	−7.014	−21.30
Isodihydroauroglaucin (28)	−0.82	15.02	−2.97
Asperinine A (29)	FD	22.17	FD
Asperinine B (30)	FD	26.36	FD
Erythroglaucin (31)	−37.21	−19.45	−35.68
Isoechinulin A (32)	−1.36	14.23	11.73
Isoechinulin B (33)	−8.89	14.26	1.85
Isoechinulin C (34)	−26.94	−3.48	−6.28
Compound (35)	−20.47	−3.81	−21.91
Compound (36)	−5.61	15.21	−1.61
Kojic acid (37)	−16.53	−10.71	−16.37
5-Acetoxy-3-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid (38)	−25.67	−19.78	−29.52
5-Chloro-2-methoxy-N-phenylbenzamide (39)	−28.82	−11.4486	−32.0189
Kojic acid methyl ether (40)	−16.99	−10.3046	−18.7795
Cyclo(leucylprolyl) (41)	−13.27	−2.68683	−18.1432
Uracil (42)	−23.44	33.38	−24.07
Linoleic acid (43)	−20.39	−0.25	−23.88
Glycerol linoleate (44)	−21.40	1.915	−25.87
α-CPA (45)	18.63	30.26	45.24
β-CPA (46)	6.77	25.60	4.12
α-CPA imine (47)	22.87	33.67	39.92
cAATrp 2-oxo CPA (48)	−10.64	2.20	−15.32
Speradine B (50)	6.99	16.18	9.94
Speradine C (51)	−5.16	13.21	15.64
Speradine D (52)	−4.62	13.76	16.68
3-OH-speradine A (53)	47.50	49.92	FD
Speradine F (54)	70.29	48.89	FD
Speradine H (55)	17.00	35.30	26.63
Cyclopiamide A (56)	29.32	38.30	27.17
Cyclopiamide B (57)	14.91	34.73	20.46
Cyclopiamide C (58)	17.89	32.15	23.19
Cyclopiamide D (59)	20.78	31.61	21.79
Cyclopiamide E (60)	29.65	50.31	47.67
Cyclopiamide F (61)	30.32	40.30	29.17
Cyclopiamide J (62)	36.08	50.93	FD
Ustiloxin B (63)	−21.82	4.91	FD
Asperentin (64)	−25.95	−7.46	−25.53
Aflatrem (65)	75.33	84.32	FD
CK8 (CDK-2 inhibitor)	−39.34	ND	ND
Doxorubicin (TOP-2 inhibitor)	−39.99	−15.98	−16.29
PB4 (MMP-13 inhibitor)	ND	ND	−73.00

Positive values indicate unfavorable interaction. FD, fail to dock; ND, not done; CK8, N-[4-(2,4-dimethyl-thiazol-5-yl)-pyrimidin-2-yl]-N′, N′-dimethyl- benzene-1,4-diamine; PB4, N, N′-bis (4-fluoro-3-methylbenzyl) pyrimidine-4,6-dicarboxamid.