Symptoms Based on Deficiency Syndrome in Traditional Chinese Medicine Might Be Predictor of Frailty in Elderly Community Dwellers

Table 4

Distribution of TCM symptoms based on deficiency syndrome of different frailty stages.

No.	Items	Frailty stages			value
		Nonfrailty group	Prefrailty group	Frailty group
		(n = 1455)	(n = 739)	(n = 55)
03	Tinnitus or deafness	596 [41.0]	322 [43.7]	34 [61.8]	0.006
01	Dizziness	474 [32.6]	296 [40.2]	28 [50.9]	＜0.001
31	Cold limbs	433 [29.8]	296 [40.2]	27 [49.1]	＜0.001
28	Numbness in the hand and feet	424 [29.1]	191 [25.9]	24 [43.6]	0.012
30	Fear of wind and coldness	427 [29.3]	272 [37.0]	23 [41.8]	＜0.001
62	Rare and degenerate eyebrows	378 [26.0]	233 [31.6]	23 [41.8]	0.002
38	Lethargy and laziness in speaking and moving	225 [15.5]	200 [27.2]	23 [41.8]	＜0.001
37	Fatigue	317 [21.8]	212 [28.8]	22 [40.0]	＜0.001
11	Chest distress	340 [23.4]	195 [26.5]	22 [40.0]	0.009
27	Soreness of four limbs	271 [18.6]	150 [20.4]	22 [40.0]	＜0.001
25	Weakness of lower limbs	210 [14.4]	194 [26.3]	22 [40.0]	＜0.001
06	Dry throat and mouth	428 [29.4]	253 [34.3]	20 [36.4]	0.045
47	Frequent urination or nocturnal enuresis more than 3 times	301 [20.7]	201 [27.3]	19 [34.5]	＜0.001
13	Short of breath	254 [17.5]	154 [20.9]	15 [27.8]	0.035
36	Susceptibility to common cold	189 [13.0]	122 [16.6]	15 [27.3]	0.002
17	White and clear phlegm	190 [13.1]	111 [15.1]	15 [27.3]	0.008
32	Feverishness in palms and soles	140 [9.6]	81 [11.0]	14 [25.5]	0.001
39	Slow movement	92 [6.3]	115 [15.6]	14 [25.5]	＜0.001
48	Urinary incontinence or dribbling urination	146 [10.0]	103 [14.0]	12 [21.8]	0.001
14	Dyspnea and tachypnea during activity	174 [12.0]	125 [17.0]	12 [21.8]	0.001
51	Constipation	148 [10.2]	68 [9.2]	12 [21.8]	0.012
18	Less sticky or bloody phlegm	118 [8.1]	80 [10.9]	12 [21.8]	0.001
34	Night sweating	152 [10.4]	112 [15.2]	11 [20.0]	0.001
22	Abdominal pain relived by warmness and pressure	75 [5.2]	59 [8.0]	8 [14.5]	0.003
8	Faint low voice	41 [2.8]	34 [4.6]	8 [14.5]	＜0.001
35	Spontaneous perspiration	160 [11.0]	115 [15.6]	7 [12.7]	0.009
55	A trapped heavy body	108 [7.4]	86 [11.7]	7 [12.7]	0.003
40	Glazed expression	10 [0.7]	11 [1.5]	7 [12.7]	＜0.001

Data are shown in proportions [percentages].