|
| Variables | Description |
|
| Outcomes | |
| HbA1c < 6.5% | 1 if HbA1c < 6.5% at the last follow-up; 0 otherwise |
| Inci. of hypoglycemia | Incidence of reported hypoglycemia in one year (spanning the period of all four follow-up surveys) |
| EQ-5D HRQoL | HRQoL measured through EQ-5D |
| Inpatient cost | Inpatient cost in one year, including all costs related to tests, medication, and treatment in hospitals (unit: 1000 yuan) |
| Outpatient cost | Outpatient cost in one year, including all costs related to tests, medication, and treatment in clinics (unit: 1000 yuan) |
| OTC drug cost | OTC drug cost in one year (unit: 1000 yuan) |
| Total cost | Inpatient cost + outpatient cost + OTC drug cost (unit: 1000 yuan) |
|
| Treatments | |
| Metformin | Use of metformin alone |
| Xiaoke Pill | Use of Xiaoke Pill alone |
| TCMs | Use of other TCMs (with no chemical substance, other than Xiaoke Pill) alone |
| Gliclazide | Use of gliclazide alone |
| Acarbose | Use of acarbose alone |
| Xiaoke Pill+ | Use of Xiaoke Pill in combination with other agents |
| Glibenclamide | Use of glibenclamide alone |
| Others | All other medication therapies |
|
| Control variables | |
| Age | Age categories: 1, younger than 50 (reference group); 2, aged between 50 and 60; 3, aged between 60 and 70; 4, older than 70 |
| Gender | 0, female; 1, male |
| Education | Education levels: 1, primary or below (reference group); 2, lower secondary; 3, upper secondary; 4, tertiary or above |
| City of residence | 1, Beijing (reference group); 2, Shenyang; 3, Chengdu; 4, Nanjing; 5, Guangzhou |
| Income | Monthly income: 1, less than 1000 yuan (reference group); 2, between 1000 and 2000 yuan; 3, more than 2000 yuan |
| Medical insurance | 1, urban resident basic medical insurance (URBMI) (reference group); 2, urban employee basic medical insurance (UEBMI); 3, new rural cooperative medical insurance (NRCM); 4, government insurance |
| Currently smoking | 1 if smoking at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
| Currently during | 1 if consuming alcohol at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
| Any physical exercise | 1 if doing any physical exercise at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
| Diet control | 1 if doing diet control at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
| Duration | Duration of diabetes. 1, less than five years (reference group); 2, between 5 and 10 years; 3, more than ten years |
| Heart disease | 1 if heart disease, 0 otherwise |
| Hypertension | 1 if hypertension, 0 otherwise |
| Dyslipidemia | 1 if dyslipidemia, 0 otherwise |
| Stroke | 1 if stroke, 0 otherwise |
| BMI | 1 if BMI ≥ 24 at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
| HbA1c | 1 if hemoglobin A1c < 6.5% at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
| FBS | 1 if fasting blood sugar level <7 mmol/L at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
| Hypoglycemia | 1 if reporting hypoglycemia at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
| SBP | 1 if systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
| DBP | 1 if diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
| TC | 1 if total cholesterol ≥ 5.2 mmol/L at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
| TG | 1 if triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol/L at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
| HRQoL | 1 if EQ-5D HRQoL ≥ 0.9 at the time of baseline survey, 0 otherwise |
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