Biological Properties of Aloysia gratissima (Gillies & Hook.) Tronc. (Verbenaceae)

Table 1

Description of plant compounds and research aspects of the studies included in the systematic review.

Reference/year	Part of the plant	Extraction method	Chemical composition		Biological activities
Benovit et al. (2015) [6]	Leaves	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	1,8-Cineole (18.54%), sabinense (9.5%), guaiol (6.79%), and bicyclogermacrene (5.12%)	In vivo	Sedative/anesthetic
Arze et al., (2013) [16]	Leaves	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	Sabinene (30–35%), ß-pinene (8–10%), and ß-caryophyllene (∼8%)	—	—
Bersan et al., (2014) [17]	Leaves	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	E-Pinocamphone (16.07%), ß-pinene (12.01%), guaiol (8.53%), E-pinocarveol acetate (8.19%), and α-caryophyllene (7.19%)	In vitro	Antimicrobial
Consolini et al. (2011) [18]	Leaves	Decoction	—	In vivo	Antispasmodic
Freires et al. (2015) [19]	Leaves	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	Guaiol (29.63%), trans-pinocarveol (13.16%), bulnesol (11.79%), and myrtenol (5.3 1%)	In vitro	Antimicrobial
Galvez et al. (2020) [20]	Leaves	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	β-Thujone (36.1 ± 0.1%), α-thujone (32.2 ± 0.2%), 1,8-cineol (10.7 ± 0.1%), and sabinene (6.2 ± 0.2%)	In vitro	Antifungal
Garcia et al. (2003) [21]	Leaves	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	Caryophyllene oxide (15.84%), cadinol (17.37%), chrysanthenyl acetate (5.61%), limonene oxide (5.29%), and ß-caryophyllene (4.77%)	In vivo	Virucidal—JUNV e HSV-1
Garcia et al. (2018) [22]	Leaves and fruits	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	1,8-Cineole (17.64%) and guaiol (10.33%)	In vivo	Antileishmanial activity
Hister et al. (2009) [23]	Leaves	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	—	In vitro	Inhibition of tumor cells growth
Ricciardi et al. (2006) [9]	Leaves	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	β –Caryophyllene (25.1%), germacrene D (10.1%), bicyclogermacrene (12.6%), and α-thujone (10.7%)	—	—
Santos et al. (2015) [24]	Leaves	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	1,8-Cineole (13.7%), germacrene D (13.4%), ß-caryophyllene (12.7%), and ß-pinene (11.7%)	In vitro	Antibacterial and antifungal
Soler (1986) [25]	Leaves	—	β-Pinene (8%)	—	—
Souza and Wiest (2007) [11]	—	Decoction	—	In vitro	Bacteriostatic
Souza et al. (2020) [13]	Leaves	Supercritical fluid with carbon dioxide	Guaiol (18.50%) and pinocamphone (11.40%)	In vivo	Anti-inflammatory
Souza et al. (2020) [26]	Leaves	Supercritical fluid with carbon dioxide	Guaiol (18.50%) and pinocamphone (11.40%)	In vivo	Antinociceptive
Trovati et al. (2009) [27]	Leaves	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	Isopinocamphone (trans-3-pinanone; 25.4%), limonene (15.1%), and guaiol (12.7%)	—	—
Vandresen et al. (2010) [28]	Leaves	Cold maceration/ethanol	α-bisabolol	In vitro	Antibacterial and Antiedematogenic effect
Zeni et al. (2011) [14]	Leaves	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	—	In vivo	Antidepressant-like effect
Zeni et al. (2013) [29]	Leaves	Decoction	Ferulic acid (11.57–86.40 mg/100 g), trans-cinnamic acid (7.97–56.92 mg/100 g), and p-coumaric acid (0.00–16.06 mg/100)	In vivo and in vitro	Toxicity and antioxidant
Zeni et al. (2013) [30]	Stems and leaves	Decoction	—	In vivo	Antidepressant-like effect
Da Silva et al. (2006) [31]	Leaves	Cold maceration/ethanol	Guaiol, bisabolol, and spathulenol	—	—
Santos et al. (2013) [32]	Leaves	Hydrodistillation/Clevenger	Transpinocarveyl acetate (17.6%), trans-pinocamphone (16.3%), and guaiol (11.5%)	In vitro	Antibacterial and antifungal