Flavonoid Extract from Propolis Provides Cardioprotection following Myocardial Infarction by Activating PPAR-γ
Table 2
Effect of FP on myocardial histopathology and cardiac function.
Sham
MI
MI + FP
FP
MI + FP + GW9662
MI + GW9662
Infarct size (%)
47.2 ± 0.7
45.6 ± 0.9
45.3 ± 0.5
47.6 ± 0.4
Infarction wall thickness (mm)
0.41 ± 0.04
0.72 ± 0.06#
0.46 ± 0.03&
0.42 ± 0.04
Body weight (g)
289 ± 4
226 ± 6
279 ± 3#
302 ± 5
241 ± 3&
332 ± 4
Lung wet/dry wet ratio
3.90 ± 0.21
5.01 ± 0.31
4.37 ± 0.25#
3.84 ± 0.17#
4.96 ± 0.27&
4.92 ± 0.27
Liver wet/dry wet ratio
2.35 ± 0.05
2.99 ± 0.04
2.49 ± 0.05
2.41 ± 0.06
2.76 ± 0.09&
2.94 ± 0.10
LVID (d) (mm)
6.71 ± 0.29
9.85 ± 0.30
7.79 ± 0.38#
6.59 ± 0.25
9.55 ± 0.23&
9.47 ± 0.23
LVID (s) (mm)
3.27 ± 0.31
8.65 ± 0.41
5.24 ± 0.28#
3.55 ± 0.29
8.50 ± 0.34&
3.16 ± 0.38
LVEF (%)
68 ± 2.44
37 ± 3.88
56 ± 2.74#
69 ± 2.22
39 ± 3.12&
38 ± 3.66
LVFS (%)
37 ± 2.20
20 ± 3.03
31 ± 2.59#
37 ± 2.45
22 ± 2.84&
20 ± 2.70
LVID (d), left ventricular internal dimension in diastole; LVID (s), left ventricular internal dimension in systole; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVFS, left ventricular fraction shortening. MI, myocardial infarction. Values are means ± SEM; compared with the Sham group;# compared with the MI group; & versus the MI + FP group.
