Hepatoprotection of Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr. on Acetaminophen-Related Hepatic Injury Rats by ¹H-NMR-Based Metabonomics Coupled with Network Pharmacology

Table 4

Information of ARHI-related potential biomarkers.

No.	Chemical shift	VIP	Metabolites	Model vs. control	PSM vs. model	Silymarin vs. model	Related pathway
1	0.95/1.02	2.05	Isoleucine	↑^###	—	↓	Valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation
2	1.2	3.54	3-Hydroxybutyrate	↓^#	—	—	Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies/butanoate metabolism
3	1.24	3.45	Methylmalonate	↓^#	—	—	Valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation
4	0.86/1.28/5.28	1.64	Lipid	↑^###	↓	↓	Lipid metabolism
5	2.24	2.24	Acetone	↓^#	—	—	Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies/butanoate metabolism
6	2.28	1.65	Acetoacetate	↓^##	—	—	Synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies/butanoate metabolism
7	2.32	2.78	Pyruvate	↓^#	—	—	Pyruvate metabolism/alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism
8	2.44	1.93	Glutamine	↓^#	—	—	Alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism
9	3.92	2.64	Aspartic acid	↑^##	—	—	Alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism
10	3.48/3.82/5.24	2.9	Glucose	↑^##	↓	—	Glycolysis/gluconeogenesis/starch and sucrose metabolism

Compared to control group as follows: ^#,^##,^###; compared to model group as follows: , , .