Jieduan–Niwan Formula Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure by Suppressing HMGB1/TLR-4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway: A Study In Vivo and In Vitro

Figure 4

Effects of JDNW on D-galactosamine (D-GaLN)-induced cell damage and reactive oxygen species production in L02 cells. (a, b). The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) test was used to analyze cell viability. (a) Cells were treated with different concentrations of D-GaLN (30, 45, 60, 70, and 90 mM) and (b) pretreated with different concentrations of JDNW serum (2.5%, 5%, and 10%) for 12 hours and then cotreated with D-GaLN (45 mM) for 11 hours. (C–I) Flow cytometric analysis of ROS levels in L02 cells. (c) ROS statistics, (d) control group, (e) Rosup group, (f) D-GaLN (45 mM) group, (g) cotreated with JDNW (5%) and D-GaLN (45 mM) group, (h) cotreated with GLY (1 mM) and D-GaLN (45 mM), (i) aggregate results. Each bar represents the mean ± SD of n = 3 (, , “ns” ).

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