[Retracted] Establishment of Difficult Caudal Epidural Blockade Prediction Model

Table 2

Risk factors associated with difficult caudal epidural block and the simplified model of pDCEB score.

Covariants	β coefficient	OR	Or 95% CI	Value	Point
Unclear palpation of sacral hiatus	2.271	9.688	3.323–28.201	<0.001	2
A history of difficult CEB	3.671	39.282	2.751–560.827	0.007	4
Unclear palpation of sacral cornua	1.553	4.725	1.577–14.151	0.006	1.5
More than one sacral hiatus	1.493	4.451	1.520–13.031	0.006	1.5
Constant	−3.911	0.02	—	<0.001	—

Hosmer–Lemeshow test . The risk was calculated using odds ratio [OR] (confidence interval [CI]). Each value < 0.05 was considered significant. All the variants entered into the regression analysis were categorical: more than one sacral hiatus by palpation indicated 1 while only one sacral hiatus by palpation indicated 0; a history of difficult CEB indicated 1; inability to palpate or uncertain feeling of the sacral hiatus indicated 1 while clear palpation of the sacral hiatus indicated 0; inability to palpate or uncertain feeling of the sacral cornua indicated 1 while clear palpation of the sacral cornua indicated 0. We used binary logistics regression (Forward, LR) to fit the model with an entry level of 0.05 and an exclusion level of 0.10. The simplified DCEB score = 1.5. More than one “sacral hiatus” by palpation +4. A history of difficult CEB +2. Inability or uncertainty to palpate sacral hiatus +1.5. Inability or uncertainty to palpate the sacral cornua.