Review Article

Efficacy and Safety of Salvia miltiorrhiza for Treating Chronic Kidney Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of included studies.

Study YearTreatmentControlNumber (T/C)DurationResults report

Bao et al. 2002 [17]Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (6–10 ml ivgtt qd) + conventional steroid treatmentConventional steroid treatment24/202 weeksScr, BUN, 24 h UPE, ALB
Huang 2009 [18]Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (20 ml ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment46/462 weeksEffective rate
Wang et al. 2015 [19]Salvia miltiorrhiza Injection (1 ml ivgtt qd) + Huang qi injection (2.5 ml) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment30/292 monthsScr, BUN, Ccr
Wang and Zhao [20]Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (400 mg ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment53/4535 daysEffective rate, SCr
Wang et al. 2008 [21]Salvianolate injection (200 mg ivgtt qd) + alprostadil Injection (30 μg ivgtt qd) + reduced glutathione injection (2.4 g ivgtt qd) conventional treatmentConventional treatment42/427 daysBUN SCr, BUN, GFR
Liu 2017 [22]Salvianolate injection (200 mg ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment30/302 weeksCySC, adverse effect
Fu et al. 2012 [23]Salvianolate Injection (200 mg ivgtt qd) + alprostadil Injection (20 μg ivgtt qd) + reduced glutathione Injection (2.4 g ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment15/1512 to 64 monthsEffect time to initiation of
Liu 2015 [24]Salvianolate injection (100 mg ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment16/162 weeksDialysis, adverse effect of SCr, BUN
Hu et al. 2011 [25]Salvianolate injection (200 mg ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment27/274 weeksSCr, 24 h UPE
Sun and Luo 2012 [26]Salvianolate injection (200 mg ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment40/382 weeksEffective rate, SCr
Xiong et al. 2007 [27]Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (80 mg ivgtt qd) + TCM decoction ((Rhubarb 20 g, calcined keel 20 g, calcined oyster 20 g, dandelion 20 g, Ligusticum chuanxiong 20 g) 300 ml retention enema for 1-2 h, qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment40/4030 daysBUN, Ccr, adverse effect effective rate, SCr
Wang et al. 2007 [28]Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (800 mg ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentXueshuantong Injection (450 mg ivgtt qd) + conventional treatment24/2315 daysBUN, GFR, Hb, ALB, adverse effect effective rate
Xu et al. 2011 [29]Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (20 ml ivgtt qd) + Huang qi injection (40 g ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment39/362 weeksEffective rate, SCr
Guohua et al. 2009 [30]Salvia miltiorrhiza tablet (4 pills tid p.o.) + irbesartan (150 mg qd p.o.) + conventional treatmentIrbesartan (150 mg qd pop.o.) + conventional treatment32/316 monthsBUN, CysC, Hb, ALB, CRP effective rate, SCr
Wang 2012 [31]Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (800 mg ivgtt qd) + Valsartan (80 mg p. o. qd) + conventional treatmentValsartan (80 mg p.o. qd) + conventional treatment30/304 weeksBUN, 24 h UPE, TC SCr, 24 h UPE, TC
Xiang and Mo 2011 [32]Sodium Tanshinone II A sulfonate injection (40 mg ivgtt qd) + TCM decoction ((Rhubarb 10 g, Calcined oyster 20 g, Dandelion 30 g) 400 ml retention enema for 20–30 m, bid) + conventional treatmentTCM decoction [(Rhubarb 10 g, Calcined oyster 20 g, Dandelion 30 g) 400 ml retention enema for 20–30 m, bid] + conventional treatment31/308 weeksSCr, BUN, Ccr
Wang and Xian-Qin 2007 [33]Sodium Tanshinone II A sulfonate Injection (20 ml ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment31/282 monthsFIB effective rate, SCr
Gao and Gao 2011 [34]Sodium Tanshinone II A sulfonate injection (50 mgivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment48/424 weeksBUN, Ccr SCr, BUN, 24 h
Wang 2014 [35]Sodium Tanshinone II A sulfonate injection (40 mg ivgtt qd) + Alprostadil injection (10 μg ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment32/3228 daysUPE, CySC, CRP, FIB SCr, BUN, GFR
Tian et al. 2005 [36]Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (60 ml ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment106/9610 daysAdverse effect SCr, Ccr
Peng et al. 2010 [37]Sodium tanshinone II A sulfonate injection (50 mg ivgtt qd) + Haikunshenxi capsule (2 pills p.o. tid) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment30/283 weeksSCr, BUN, Ccr
Xu et al. 2012 [38]Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (1200 mg ivgtt qd) + Haikunshenxi capsule (2 pills p.o. tid) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment30/3015 daysEffective rate, SCr,BUN, 24 h, UPE, ALB, Ccr, Hb
Peng et al. 2010 [39]Salvianolate injection (200 mg ivgtt qd) + AlprostadilConventional treatment29/282 weeksSCr, BUN, Ccr
Liu et al. [40]Salvianolate injection (100 mg ivgtt qd) + alprostadil injection (20 μg ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentAlprostadil injection (20 μgivgtt qd) + conventional treatment63/634 weeksEffective rate, SCr,BUN, Ccr
Lv et al. 2006 [41]Salvia miltiorrhiza tablet (4 pills tid p.o.) + Jieduxiezhuo II decoction 150 ml retention enema qd + conventional treatmentJieduxiezhuo II decoction 150 ml retention enema qd + conventional treatment30/301 monthEffective rate, SCr, BUN, Hb
Guowei et al. 2016 [42]Sodium Tanshinone II A sulfonate injection (40 mg ivgtt qd) + alprostadil injection (10 μg ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment27/152 weeksEffective rate, SCr
Pang 2004 [43]Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (30 ml ivgtt qd) + TCM decoction 200 ml retention enema bid + low molecular levo-anhydride injection (250 ml ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment20/2012BUN, effective rate, SCr
Chen 2016 [44]Salvianolate Injection (150 mg ivgtt qd + conventional treatmentConventional treatment32/3214 daysSCr, BUN, Ccr
Wang 2015 [45]Salvianolate injection (100 mg ivgtt qd) + Valsartan (80 mg p.o. qd) + conventional treatmentValsartan (80 mg p.o. qd) + conventional treatment45/452 weeksSCr, BUN, 24 h UPE, CySC
Zhi et al. 2016 [46]Salvianolate injection (200 mg ivgtt qd) + Shenshuaining granules (1 bag p.o. 3–4 times/day) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment31/312 weeksSCr, BUN, Ccr, adverse effect
Chen and Lu 2012 [47]Salvia miltiorrhiza injection (0.8 g ivgtt qd) + sodium ferulate injection (0.3 g ivgtt qd) + conventional treatmentConventional treatment36/325 weeksEffective rate, SCr, BUN, Ccr, Hb
Xie et al. 2020 [48]Sodium tanshinone II A sulfonate injection (50 mg ivgtt qd) + Corbrin capsule (2 g p.o. tid) + conventional treatmentCorbrin capsule (2 g p.o.tid) + conventional53/522 monthsEffective rate, SCr, BUN, 24 h UPE

T. treatment group; C. control group; p.o.: per os; qd: quaque die; tid: ter in die; ivgtt: injectio intiavenosus gutta; 24 h UPE: 24 hour urine protein excretion; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; Ccr. creatinine clearance; SCr: serum creatinine; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; CysC. cystatin C; ALB: serum albumin; TC: serum total cholesterol; Hb: haemoglobin; FIB: plasma fibrinogen; and CRP: C-reactive protein.