Author Country Research department TCM treatment Contains ingredients/contents Number of RCTs included Zhipeng Hu 2021 [11 ] China Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine Huanglian Jiedu decoction Phellodendron chinense Schneid. Rutaceae (Huáng B˘ai) and Gardenia jasminoides Ellis Rubiaceae (Zhi Zĭ). 9 Dingyuan Zhong 2016 [12 ] China Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Unspecified TCM therapy — 13 Jiarong Lan 2015 [13 ] China Wenzhou Hospital of TCM, Zhejiang University of TCM Coptis root — 27 Xue Wang 2015 [14 ] China Shandong University of TCM Tonifying spleen and Qi herbs Buzhong Yiqi decoction Flavored, Buzhong Yiqi decoction modified, spleen-invigorating, hypoglycemic decoction, spleen-invigorating, and Qi-reducing decoction, spleen-invigorating and Qi-reducing Chinese medicine, spleen-reducing sugar decoction, spleen-invigorating, and Qi-reducing TCM, self-made health spleen hypoglycemic formula, Jianpi Jiangtang decoction, “pancrease kangxiao” capsules, Chinese herbs for strengthening spleen and Qi 11 Haibo Huang 2015 [15 ] China Hunan University of TCM Liuwei Dihuang Wan — 8 Yongzhong Wang 2015 [16 ] China The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of TCM Xiaoke pills — 15 Xiaodong Han 2014 [17 ] China Hebei Medical University Compound of nourishing Qi, replenishing Yin, and activating blood flow — 19 Chi Xiao 2014 [18 ] China Dalian Medical University Yuquan powder — 10 Xiu-Feng Yan 2014 [19 ] China Guang’anmen Hospital Three-typed syndrome differentiation (TTSD) — 19 Lu sun 2012 [20 ] China Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM Kidney-tonifying and blood-activating TCM compound treatment — 15 Winnie Chen 2012 [21 ] China Guangdong University of Chinese Medicine Jinqi Jiangtang tablets, Qihuang capsules — 17 Jinlan Peng 2013 [22 ] China Department of Endocrinology, Pu’ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Jinqi Jiangtang tablets Astragalus , Huanglian, and honeysuckle6 Pu Run 2013 [23 ] China Department of Pharmacy Management and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Peking University Medical Center Liuwei Dihuang Wan — 16 Luyao Zhang 2019 [24 ] China Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Compound of nourishing Qi, replenishing Yin, activating blood flow — 17 External treatment of TCM : nourishing Qi, replenishing Yin, activating blood flow — 5 Yongzhong Wang 2014 [25 ] China Anhui University of TCM, First Affiliated hospital Xiaoke pills — 17 Jie Zhu 2018 [26 ] China The Second Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China Ginger — Qualitative 12, meta 10 Jingyan Yan 2018 [27 ] China Jiangxi University of TCM Research Center for the Development of Differentiated Basic Theories of TCM Recipe for clearing stomach and intestines (Gegen Qinlian Decoction/Bai-hu decoction) — 24 Yuqing Liang 2018 [28 ] China School of TCM, Jinan University Strengthen spleen and reduce phlegm Chinese medicine Shenling Baizhu powder modified, Wuling powder modified, TCM decoction for strengthening spleen and dampness, modification and subtraction of Jianpi Yiqi Huazhuo Fang, Heqi powder, Xiaoke Jianpi capsule, Wuling powder modification, and subtraction, Shenling Baizhu powder modified, modified Wuling powder, modified Shenling Baizhu powder, invigorating the spleen and removing dampness 12 Wei Zhang 2018 [29 ] China Yinchuan Hospital of TCM Xiaoke recipe — 18 Yue Cheng 2018 [30 ] China T2DM TCM compound — 14 Chongqi Ma 2017 [31 ] China North China University of Technology TCM nutritional therapy — 11 Linlin Kong 2012 [32 ] China School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University TCM methods Compound pancreatic Suling, Liu Wei di Huang Wan, Xian Hu capsules, low phenolic cotton seed capsules, anti-thirst spirit, Tui Na Chiropractic 7 Multitherapeutic combination 12 Tingting Shao 2009 [33 ] China Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine Unspecified TCM therapy 12 Dugoua Jean-Jacques 2007 [34 ] Canada Cassia bark cassia bark 3 X. Wang 2014 [35 ] China Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Green tea or green tea extract Green tea or green tea extract 7 Xiaolin Zhang 2020 [36 ] China College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Tui Na (massage therapy) Chinese massage (CM) 10 Chunli Piao 2020 [37 ] China Institution of Shenzhen Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese medicine Tianqi Jiangtang capsules Tianqi hypoglycemic capsules 8 Xitao Ma [38 ] China Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Banxia Xiexin decoction with addition — 9 Jiahui Hu 2020 [39 ] China Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Chinese patent medicine Liu Wei di Huang Wan, Xiao Xie Wan, Jin Li da, Ginseng-Astragalus hypoglycemic granules/capsules/tablets (abbreviated as Ginseng-Astragalus hypoglycemic), Tian Qi hypoglycemic capsules/granules/tablets 42 Jiahui Hu 2020 [40 ] China Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Treating proprietary Chinese medicines and prescriptions from the perspective of the liver Prosperity san\diversion of the liver and qi herbs\nourishing Yin and draining the liver herbs\liver and spleen harmonizing decoction\detoxification and liver regulating formula\digestion and liver clearing drink\Dan Gardenia prosperity san\liver clearing and heart diarrhea decoction\added flavor da Chai Hu granules\sugar Min Ling Wan\liver diarrhea and dampness formula 13 Ying Fu 2020 [41 ] China Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Unspecified TCM therapy Huanglian Su, clearing heat, benefiting Qi and invigorating blood, clearing liver and lungs, Jinmai warming gall bladder, Huangzen Tang, Dahuang Huanglian diarrhea heart, Ge Gen cenlian Tang, Warming Yang, benefiting Qi and invigorating blood, clearing heat, invigorating blood, and resolving phlegm, Fuhe liver, and benefiting spleen 13 Huijuan Gao 2019 [42 ] China Yuquan Hospital, Tsing Hua University, Jinqi Jiangtang tablets Jinqi Jiangtang tablet 17 Fangyan Huang 2019 [43 ] China Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities Ginger Zingiber officinale 8 Fengmei Lian 2019 [44 ] China Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, Jinlida granules Jinlida granules 15 Yujiao Zheng 2021 [45 ] China Department of Endocrinology, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Banxia Xiexin granules (Pinelliae Rhizoma 12 g, Scutellariae Radix 9 g, Coptidis Rhizoma 3 g, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma 9 g, Zingiberis Rhizoma 9 g, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma 9 g, Jujubae fructus 9 g), 4 Compound of Ginseng Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma 10 g, Astragali Radix 30 g, Corni fructus Radix 10 g, Rehmanniae Radix 15 g, Salviae et Rhizoma 6 g) Gegen Qinlian decoction (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et rhizoma), Tonifying Qi and strengthening spleen decoction AMC herbal formula (Anemarrhenae rhizoma, Momordica charantia, Coptidis rhizoma, Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, fermentum Schisandrae chinensis fructus, and Zingiberis Rhizoma) Xu Zhou 2021 [46 ] China Evidence-Based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of TCM, Nanchang, 330004, China. Acupuncture Acupuncture 21 Zhipeng Hu 2021 [47 ] China Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, China Jingui Shenqi pills Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC. (dì Huáng), Orobanchaceae; dioscorea oppositifolia L. (Huái Shān Yào), Dioscoreaceae; cornus officinalis siebold (Shān Zhū Yú), Cornaceae; alisma plantago-aquatica L. (Zé Xiè), Alismataceae; Smilax glabra roxb. (Fú Líng), Smilacaceae; Paeonia × suffruticosa Andrews. (Mŭ dān Pí), Paeoniaceae; Neolitsea cassia (L.) Kosterm. (Guì Zhī), Lauraceae; and Aconitum carmichaelii debeaux, Ranunculaceae. 14 Jiang Li 2021 [48 ] China Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China. Heat-clearing method Astragalus , yam, poria, atractylodes, and Ginseng; Coptis, rhubarb, Radix Scutellariae, sophora flavescens, and honeysuckle15 Guohua Mu 2021 [49 ] China Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Coptis-cassia bark Huanglian-cassia bark 6 Aiping Deng 2021 [50 ] China Heilongjiang University of TCM TCM decoctions Benefiting Qi and nourishing Yin, hypoglycemic and sensitizing decoction 14 Zhiyuan deng 2020 [51 ] China Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine First Clinical School of Medicine Jinqi Jiangtang tablets Golden Astragalus hypoglycemic tablets 10 Jiaxing Tian 2019 [52 ] China Tian, Jiaxing Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Unspecified TCM therapy Pueraria mirifica powder, argyle sugar health tablets, anti-thirst pill, Kai Yu Qing heat and lowering turbidity formula, Tian Qi lowering sugar capsules, Jin Li da, sugar min Ling pill, Wu Mei formula, Tang Ke soft capsules, Pueraria Mirifica Scutellaria Tang, Huang Lian Su 12 Siyi Zhao 2019 [53 ] China Siyi Zhao, School of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of TCM Liuwei Dihuang Wan (soup) Cornus officinalis, Chinese Yam, radix Rehmanniae, Radix Zeligae, dampi, poria 20 Tingting Guo [54 ] China Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of TCM Unspecified TCM therapy — 12 Huiping Tian 2019 [55 ] China Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University Replenishing Qi nourishing Yin method Yiqi Yangyin recipe, Sanqi dan granules, Yiqi Yangyin clearing heat and blood activating TCM, Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue Tongluo decoction, Yiqi Yangyin decoction, Quyi Difang decoction, Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue decoction, sugar kidney 1 no. Fang, Yiqi Yangyin Qingre Huoxue Fang 13 Yanling Dai 2019 [56 ] China School of Nursing, Fujian University of TCM; People’s Hospital of Fujian University of TCM TCM diet therapy + conventional therapy — 12 Replenishing Qi and nourishing Yin diet therapy + conventional treatment Nonreplenishing Qi and nourishing Yin diet therapy + conventional treatment Yuming Gu 2018 [57 ] China Shandong University of TCM Chromium-containing Chinese medicine Tianmai Xiaoke tablets Tianmai Xiaoke tablet contains chromium picolinate (1.6 mg per tablet, equal to 200 μ g of chromium), Tianhuafen (Radix Trichosanthis, snake gourd root), Maidong (radix ophiopogonis, Dwarf Lilyturf tuber), and Wuweizi (fructus Schisandrae Chinensis) 7
