The Safety and Effectiveness of Melphalan-Based Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma: An Updated Single-Arm Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 3

Complication.

Complications	No. of events	Total eyes	Rate	Total patients
Ocular complications
Avascular retinopathy	5	158	0.032	137
Arteriolar sclerosis	2	12	0.167	11
Aseptic cellulitis	2	35	0.057	29
Cataract	12	201	0.060	165
Chorioretinal atrophy	31	626	0.050	535
Choroidal occlusion	5	25	0.200	21
Choroidal ischemia	7	341	0.021	313
Conjunctiva chemosis	1	14	0.071	14
Extraocular muscle paresis	0	24	0.000	22
Internal carotid artery occlusion	0	24	0.000	22
Loss of eyelashes	21	165	0.127	143
Multinucleated macrophages in choroid and retina	2	12	0.167	11
Neovascular glaucoma	1	26	0.038	24
Neovascularisation	55	366	0.150	338
Oculomotor nerve palsy	2	35	0.057	29
Ophthalmic artery occlusion	0	24	0.000	22
Occlusive vasculopathy	22	276	0.080	232
Optic nerve disorder	2	24	0.083	15
Ophthalmoplegia	10	123	0.081	121
Phthisis	7	132	0.053	112
Ptosis	25	366	0.068	330
Periocular edema	107	1019	0.105	829
Palpebral oedema	22	74	0.297	68
Palpebral erythema	1	25	0.040	25
Periorbital pigmentation	1	35	0.029	29
Retinopathy	8	25	0.320	25
Retinal atrophy	2	12	0.167	11
Retinal detachment	28	158	0.177	148
Retinal ischemia	13	341	0.038	313
Retinal artery precipitation	6	79	0.076	70
Strabismus	3	54	0.056	60
Vitreous hemorrhage	55	448	0.123	366
Vascular spasm	2	25	0.080	21
Systemic complications
Anaphylaxis	3		0.039	77
Bronchospasm	34		0.062	549
Cardiorespiratory disturbances	4		0.160	25
Fever	47		0.081	579
Groin hematoma	1		0.067	15
Limb ischemia	0		0.000	349
Neutropenia	7		0.109	64
Nausea/vomiting	115		0.209	549
Stroke	2		0.002	846
Transfusion	1		0.001	680
Thromboembolism	0		0.000	14
Vascular dissection	0		0.000	313
Vasospasm	2		0.080	25