Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivities of Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze

Table 1

Identified constituents in Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze (Lamiaceae).

Composite	Structure	Identification method	Part of the plant	Citation
Monoterpene
Sabinene		GC-MS	Leaves (essential oil)	[30–35]
Eucalyptol		GC-MS	Leaves (essential oil)	[35–37]
Sesquiterpene
E-Caryophyllene		GC-MS	Leaves (essential oil)	[38]
Germacrene D		GC-MS	Leaves (essential oil)	[38]
β-Caryophyllene		GC-MS	Leaves (essential oil)	[32, 33, 39, 40]
Diterpenes
Mellowolic acid		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Leaves and stem	[26, 41]
Suaveolol		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Leaves	[41–43]
Dehydroabietinol		GC-MS, ^1H-NMR, and ^13C-NMR	Leaves, stem, and flowers	[29, 44, 45]
9α,13α-Epi-dioxiabiet-8(14)-en-18-ol		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Leaves	[46]
Methyl suaveolate		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Leaves	[42]
Ácido 8α,9α-epoxysuaveolic		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Leaves and stem	[43]
4α-Hydroperoxy-5-enovatodiolide		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Flowers	[47]
4-Methylene-5β-hydroperoxy ovatodiolide		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Flowers	[47]
Ovatodiolide		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Flowers	[47]
4α-Hydroxy-5-enovatodiolide		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Flowers	[47]
Phytol		GC-MS	Flowers	[29]
Triterpenes and steroids
α-Peltoboikinolic acid		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Root	[48]
Oleanolic acid		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Root	[48]
Bacosine		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Root	[49]
Betulinic acid		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Root	[49]
Ursolic acid		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Root, leaves, and stem	[49, 50]
α-Amyrin		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Root	[51]
3β-Hydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Root	[51]
Urs-12-en-3β-ol-29-oic acid		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Leaves and stem	[53]
Lupeol		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Leaves	[50]
Rotundic acid		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Leaves and stem	[50]
β-Sitosterol		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Leaves and stem	[50]
Hyptadienoic acid		^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR	Leaves and stem	[53]
Phenolics
Gallic acid		HPLC-DAD and HPTLC	Leaves and stem	[10, 27]
Ellagic acid		HPLC-DAD	Leaves and aerial parts	[6]
Ferulic acid		HPTLC	Leaves and stem	[27]
Caffeic acid		HPLC-DAD and UPLC-MS	Leaves	[6, 10, 54]
Chlorogenic acid		HPLC-DAD and HPTLC	Leaves and stem	[6, 10, 27]
Apigenin		HPLC-DAD	Leaves	[6, 10]
Catechin		HPLC-DAD	Leaves	[6, 10]
Rutin		HPLC-DAD and UPLC-MS	Leaves	[6, 10, 54]
Quercetin		HPLC-DAD and UPLC-MS	Leaves and stem	[6, 10, 27, 54]
Rosmarinic acid		UPLC-MS	Leaves	[54]
Ethyl caffeate		UPLC-MS	Leaves	[54]
Sagerinic acid		UPLC-MS	Leaves	[54]
Isoquercetin		UPLC-MS	Leaves	[54]
Syringic acid		UPLC-MS	Leaves	[54]
Yunnaneic acid		UPLC-MS	Leaves	[54]
Secoiridoid
Oleoside dimethyl ester		UPLC-MS	Leaves	[54]
Fatty acids
Linoleic acid		GC-MS	Seeds	[28]
Palmitic acid		GC-MS	Seeds and leaves	[28, 29]
Oleic acid		GC-MS	Seeds	[28]
Stearic acid		GC-MS	Seeds	[28]
Palmitoleic acid		GC-MS	Seeds	[28]
Undecanoic acid		GC-MS	Leaves	[29]
Octanoic acid		GC-MS	Leaves	[29]
n-Decanoic acid		GC-MS	Leaves	[29]
Tetradecanoic acid		GC-MS	Leaves	[29]
Myristic acid ethyl ester		GC-MS	Aerial parts	[55]