Emodin Alleviates High-Glucose-Induced Pancreatic β-Cell Pyroptosis by Inhibiting NLRP3/GSDMD Signaling

Figure 2

High glucose induced pyroptosis in INS-1 cells. (a) INS-1 cells were incubated with normal glucose for 48 h, and morphology was observed under the inverted phase-contrast microscope (×200). INS-1 cells were incubated with high glucose for 48 h, and the cellular swelling, irregular shrinkage patterns, and formations of closed-cell foams or bubbles appeared. (b) The protein level of pyroptosis-related protein GSDMD was measured by western blot in INS-1 cells. (c) β-Actin was used as the internal control. All data were shown as mean ± SD (n = 3), which were three independent experiments performed in triplicate. ^# and ^## were considered statistically significant.

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