Effects of Qigong Therapy on the Anaerobic Threshold in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 1

Inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Inclusion criteria

(i) Meets the diagnostic criteria of SCAD; (ii) 2-3 or more months after discharge; (iii) the New York heart association functional classification I–III; (iv) those aged 40–70 years; (v) junior high school or above; (vi) no exercise intervention was taken in the previous month; (vii) patients may be accompanied by hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, cerebrovascular disease, smoking, drinking, sleep disorders, and psychological stress; (viii) the patient has had artery bypass, coronary intervention, or no surgery; and (ix) cardiovascular drugs being taken include aspirin, clopidogrel, angiotension converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), calcium channel blockers (CCB), diuretic, statins, oral hypoglycemic agent, insulin, or others.

Exclusion criteria

(i) Uncontrolled tachycardia (heart rate (HR) > 120 beats/min); (ii) uncontrolled shortness of breath(quiescent frequency >30 beats/min); (iii) uncontrolled respiratory failure (blood oxygen) saturation ≤90%; (v) uncontrolled hypertension(preexercise assessment systolic blood pressure (BP) >180 mm·Hg or diastolic BP > 110 mm·Hg); (v) change in body weight ± 1.8 kg before 72 h; (vi) uncontrolled high glucose (random blood glucose >18 mmol/l); (vii) uncontrolled malignant arrhythmia leading to hemodynamic instability; (viii) diagnosed or suspected pseudoaneurysm and preoperative arterial dissection; (ix) uncontrolled septic shock and sepsis; (x) severe valvular disease before surgery or cardiac heart disease in the acute phase of heart failure; (xi) exercise may lead to worsening the nervous system, motor system disease, or rheumatic disease; and (xii) patients cannot cooperate or are unwilling to cooperate.