Japanese Kampo Medicine Juzentaihoto Improves Antiviral Cellular Immunity in Tumour-Bearing Hosts

Figure 1

JTT enhances anti-vaccinia cellular immunity in tumour-bearing mice but not in naïve mice after vSC25 inoculation. BALB/c mice were subcutaneously challenged with 1 × 10⁶ syngeneic CT26 cells and subsequently fed with either the control or JTT diet for 21 days. The tumour area was measured once or twice per week using a caliper gauge until 21 days post-tumour exposure. The measurements were calculated as tumour length (mm) × width (mm). Each experiment was conducted using 2-3 mice. The results of two independent experiments were pooled for analysis (a). On the day of the experiment of (a), we added the control diet group without a tumour challenge. Furthermore, in other experiments, the tumour-free BALB/c mice were fed a control or JTT diet for 21 days. Fourteen days after the tumour challenge (14 days after the assigned diet feeding), mice were i.p. inoculated with 1 × 10⁷ PFU of recombinant vaccinia (vSC25). On day 7 post vaccinia infection, spleen cells were isolated from mice and stained with Abs against CD3, CD8β, and HIV-1 P18-I10 peptide-loaded H-2D^d tetramer. Flow cytometry was performed to determine the proportions of CD3⁺ CD8β⁺ H-2D^d/P18-I10⁺ cells to evaluate anti-vaccinia cellular immunity. (b) and (d) show representative flow data. The presented dot plots were obtained by gating the CD3⁺ population. (c) and (e) show the cumulative data of two independent experiments (n = 5 for the control group, n = 6 for the CT26 group, and n = 5 for the CT26 + JTT group in (c); n = 5 for the control group and n = 6 for the JTT group in (e)). Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). between the control and CT26 groups, and between the CT26 and CT26 + JTT groups by Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test.

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