| | Study ID | Group | Age (mean ± SD) | Course (Month-M; Year-Y) | Follow times/d | Interventions | Outcome | Acupoints | | Exp | Com | Exp | Com |
| | Lei [48] | 22 | 20 | Average 67.3/66.4 | Average 19.2/17.8M | 28 | D | B | Total effect | EX-HN1, DU20, DU24, HT7, PC6, LI4, SP6, ST36, KI3 | | Li et al. [28] | 35 | 18 | 67 ± 4/66 ± 4 | 3.1 ± 1.1/3.0 ± 1.3y | None | D | A | Total effect, ADL | DU20/EX-HN1, GB20, BL23 | | 37 | 14 | 65 ± 6/65 ± 7 | 3.0 ± 1.6/2.7 ± 2.0y | C | B | | He et al. [43] | 32 | 30 | 55–69/50–69 | None | None | F | B | Total effect | DU20 | | Ou et al. [23] | 16 | 14 | 65.53 ± 6.8/64.72 ± 7.6 | 2.9 ± 1.6/2.7 ± 2.0y | 56 | C | B | Total effect, ADL | DU20/EX-HN1, BL23 | | Ou et al.[23] | 16 | 14 | 65.5 ± 6.8/64.7 ± 3.4 | 2.9 ± 1.6/2.7 ± 2.0y | 56 | C | B | Total effect | DU20/EX-HN1, BL23 | | Xia [38] | 30 | 30 | 67.93 ± 4.68/16.40 ± 4.26 | 67.70 ± 5.49/16.03 ± 4.00M | 7 | D | B | Total effect, ADL | DU20, EX-HN1, DU24, HT7, KI3, ST36, GB39, KI4, BL23, SP6 | | He [55] | 30 | 30 | 63.83 ± 6.24/66.97 ± 7.34 | 17.13 ± 4.44/18.93 ± 5.05M | 28 | F | B | Total effect, ADL | DU20, DU14, DU4, DU9 | | Zhou [67] | 50 | 50 | 71.30 ± 8.20/68.60 ± 10.10 | 1.80 ± 0.50/1.70 ± 0.20y | 28 | D | B | Total effect, ADL | EX-HN3, DU20, DU23, KI3, GB39, GB20, LR3, BL18, LI4, BL23, PC6, BL17 | | Chen et al. [19] | 51 | 51 | 68.59 ± 4.36/68.59 ± 4.36 | 2.45 ± 0.71/2.45 ± 0.71y | 28 | C | B | Total effect, ADL | DU20, DU24, GB20, SP10, RN17, RN12, GB12, ST36, RN6 | | Li et al. [11] | 45 | 45 | (70.52 ± 5.34)/(70.56 ± 5.32) | (5.46 ± 1.39)/(5.42 ± 1.35)y | 90 | E | B | Total effect, ADL | DU26, PC6, SP6, GB20, DU20, HT7, EX-HN1, EX-HN3 | | Chen et al.[25] | 40 | 40 | 69.5 ± 10.3/70.1 ± 9.6 | 6.1 ± 2.9/5.7 ± 3.3y | 28 | E | B | ADL | EX-HN3, EX-HN1, DU20, DU24, GB20, KI3, GB39, LI4, LR3, BL18, BL23, PC6, BL17 | | Peng et al. [41] | 25 | 25 | 69.4 ± 5.4/69.5 ± 5.3 | 7.5 ± 1.8/7.6 ± 1.7y | 10 | F | B | Total effect | DU24, DU20, DU14, DU16, DU4, KI1 | | Guan [18] | 30 | 30/30 | 70.5 ± 9.3/70.2 ± 9.5/69.3 ± 10.2 | 5.7 ± 3.2/5.6 ± 3.5/6.0 ± 6.0y | 7 | E | B/G | ADL | Scalp acupuncture, BL23, GB39, KI3, ST36, DU26 | | Wang and Wang [53] | 45 | 45 | 68.89 ± 3.22/69.18 ± 3.17 | 8.59 ± 2.02/8.93 ± 2.17Y | 28 | E | B | Total effect, ADL | DU20, DU24, DU16, DU4 | | Ni [66] | 33 | 32 | 73.25 ± 2.70/74.14 ± 2.76 | 3.90 ± 1.52/3.20 ± 1.30y | 28 | D | D | Total effect | DU20, DU14 | | Chen [49] | 31 | 31 | 48–70/50–73 | 6M-5y/5m-7y | 90 | E | B | Total effect | The four-shen points, Three-brain acupuncture, The three-zhi acupuncture, Temporal three-needle | | Jia et al. [15] | 41 | 41 | 5.11 ± 6.53/74.50 ± 6.83 | 2.42 ± 1.00/2.50 ± 1.02Y | 84 | C | B | Total effect, ADL | RN17, RN12, RN6, SP10 | | Tian and Cheng [17] | 35 | 35 | 50–80 | None | 5/30 | F | B | Total effect | EX-HN1, DU20, DU24, EX-HN3, DU26, DU16, HT7 | | Geng [10] | 36 | 36 | 68–87/69–85 | 5.19/5.31M | 7 | C | B | Total effect | DU26, PC6, SP6, KI1, DU24, EX-HN1, DU20, LI4, LR3, GB39 | | Qing [39] | 30 | 30 | 70.31 ± 5.43/70.27 ± 5.93 | 12.63 ± 2.94/12.30 ± 3.09M | 7 | D | B | Total effect | DU20, EX-HN1, KI3, KI4, GB39, RN6, ST36 | | Liang [60] | 37 | 37 | 73.8 ± 6.7/72.5 ± 5.2 | 7.1 ± 1.8/6.4 ± 1.3Y | 14 | F | B | Total effect, ADL | DU20, ST36, GB39, EX-HN1, KI4, KI3 | | Zhang [24] | 41 | 41 | 72.19 ± 2.61 | 24.16 ± 3.08 M | 20 | E | B | Total effect, ADL | DU26, GB39, ST36, BL23, KI3 | | Wei et al. [26] | 33 | 33 | 68.37 ± 5.37/68.71 ± 5.77 | 7.77 ± 1.65/(7.88 ± 1.67Y | None | F | B | ADL | DU20, KI1 | | Ben et al. [42] | 37 | 37 | 71.5 ± 4.7/70.2 ± 4.6 | 3.2 ± 1.9/3.0 ± 1.4y | 84 | C | B | Total effect | ST36, ST40 | | Zhu [57] | 40 | 40 | 70 ± 2/66 ± 2 | 9.02 ± 0.31/9.13 ± 0.25y | 10 | C | B | Total effect | DU20, EX-HN1, ST36, KI3, KI4, GB39 | | Yao et al. [64] | 24 | 24 | 76.52 ± 6.365/76.43 ± 6.25 | 3.6 ± 1.65/3.6 ± 1.65Y | 30 | E | B | Total effect | DU20 | | Zhang et al. [59] | 40 | 40 | average77.6/76.8 | average9.5/9.2y | 30 | E | B | Total effect | DU20, GB39, EX-HN1, LI4, ST36 | | Lin [35] | 30/30 | 30 | 69.7 ± 5.36/73.2 ± 4.81/71.6 ± 5.22 | 55.9 ± 6.18/53.7 ± 5.92/61.3 ± 8.46d | 28 | C/F | B | Total effect, ADL | The four-shen points, Three-brain acupuncture, The three-zhi acupuncture, Temporal three-needle | | Wang et al. [20] | 36 | 36 | 72.05 ± 3.70/70.31 ± 3.79 | 3.33 ± 1.98/2.60 ± 1.51y | 84 | C | B | Total effect | DU20, DU14 | | Liu [52] | 20 | 20 | 72.2 ± 4.8/74.4 ± 4.7 | 40.6 ± 13.4/35.7 ± 12.9 M | 84 | C | B | Total effect | DU20, DU14 | | 20 | 20 | 73.2 ± 4.9/70.7 ± 4.4 | 36.5 ± 13.7/33.3 ± 12.1 M | 84 | D | A | Total effect | | Chen et al. [40] | 40 | 40 | 67.19 ± 10.53/68.32 ± 9.4 | 5.36 ± 2.84/5.80 ± 3.48Y | 20 | E | B | ADL | EX-HN3, EX-HN1, DU20, DU24, DU23, GB20, KI3, GB39, LI4, LR3, BL18, BL23, PC6, BL17 | | Wang and Li [51] | 50 | 50 | 69.79 ± 6.52/71.47 ± 6.32 | 5.54 ± 2.25/5.39 ± 2.03y | 10/20 | F | B | Total effect, ADL | DU26, SP6, PC6, GB20, GB12, EX-HN12, EX-HN13, SJ17 | | Li [37] | 51 | 51 | 71.28 ± 2.34/71.25 ± 2.38 | 4.75 ± 1.33/4.72 ± 1.30y | 10 | F | B | Total effect, ADL | SP6, ST36, EX-HN1, ST40, HT7, PC6, KI3, DU26, EX-HN3, DU20, GB20, DU16 | | Wang et al. [63] | 27 | 28 | 70.7 ± 9.1/70.3 ± 8.0 | 5.8 ± 0.6/5.0 ± 1.1y | 28 | F | B | Total effect | None | | Ma [58] | 30 | 30 | 63.83 ± 6.24/66.97 ± 7.34 | 17.13 ± 4.44/18.93 ± 5.05 M | 8 | C | B | Total effect, ADL | DU20, DU14, DU4, BL23, GB39, KI3 | | Jin [30] | 26 | 26 | 63.73 ± 9.12/64.88 ± 8.97 | 4.91 ± 2.29/4.86 ± 2.32y | 180 | F | B | Total effect, ADL | The four-shen points | | Chen et al. [44] | 50/50 | 50 | 73.16 ± 7.69/72.86 ± 7.23/72.06 ± 6.97 | 4.02 ± 0.11/3.96 ± 0.15/3.84 ± 0.19 | 90 | F/C | B | Total effect | DU20, EX-HN1 | | Liu [14] | 40 | 40 | 66.21 ± 3.72/65.65 ± 3.24 | 3.86 ± 1.23/3.42 ± 1.12y | 90 | D | A | Total effect | DU20, DU26, PC6, SP6, ST40, KI3 | | Zhang et al. [46] | 30 | 30 | 72.36 ± 4.14/72.31 ± 4.12 | 3.25 ± 1.29/3.18 ± 1.26Y | 90 | D | B | Total effect | DU20, KI1 | | Wang et al. [16] | 31 | 31 | 72.74 ± 8.36/75.77 ± 7.03 | 2.50(1.00,4.25)/3.00(2.00,5.00)y | 56 | F | B | Total effect | DU20, EX-HN3, GB15, GB8, GB20, LI4, LI11, ST36, LR3 | | Xia et al. [56] | 30 | 30 | 49 ± 11/50 ± 12 | 3.79 ± 0.27/4.07 ± 0.27y | 56 | F | B | ADL | DU20, DU16 | | Zhang [65] | 25 | 25 | 64.23 ± 1.56/65.42 ± 2.45 | 4.12 ± 1.42/4.23 ± 1.42y | None | D | B | Total effect | PC6, DU26, DU20, SP6, DU14, HT7 | | Zhang et al. [34] | 46 | 46 | 72.6 ± 9.2/71.7 ± 8.7 | None | 90 | F | B | Total effect, ADL | (BL23, BL20, DU20)/(BL15, ST36, EX-HN1) | | Wang and Li [27] | 60 | 60 | 69.5 ± 3.5/69.2 ± 3.6 | 3.3 ± 0.8/3.5 ± 0.9y | 28 | E | B | Total effect, ADL | Temporal three-needle, three-brain acupuncture, The four-shen points, The three-zhi acupuncture, HT7 | | Li et al. [21] | 43 | 43 | 76.5 ± 6.3/77.5 ± 6.8 | 3.1 ± 0.8/2.9 ± 0.7y | None | D | A | Total effect, ADL | DU20, DU14, DU24, DU16 | | Tao and Li [47] | 45 | 45 | 64.23 ± 1.56/65.42 ± 2.45 | 4.12 ± 1.42/4.23 ± 1.43y | None | D | B | Total effect | KI1, DU20 | | Chen et al. [62] | 48 | 48 | 74.36 ± 5.47/75.13 ± 5.81 | 3.42 ± 0.73/3.29 ± 0.68Y | 90 | F | B | Total effect, ADL | DU20, DU26, PC6, SP6, GB39, ST40, KI3 | | Liu [36] | 20 | 20/20 | 67.2 ± 4.2/68.3 ± 5.1/68.8 ± 5.6 | None | 28 | D | A/B | Total effect | EX-HN1, DU20, HT7, ST36 | | Zhang [50] | 32 | 28 | 51–80 | None | 15 | D | A | Total effect | DU26, PC6, SP6, DU20, DU14, HT7, GB39, Eye acupuncture | | Liu et al. [29] | 24 | 22 | 56–78/55–77 | 8M-5y | 28 | D | B | Total effect | EX-HN1, DU20, DU24, HT7, PC6, LI4, SP6, ST36, LR3 | | Li and Li [33] | 40 | 40 | 70.24 ± 5.14/69.37 ± 4.67 | 4.85 ± 1.50/4.82 ± 1.47y | 28 | D | B | Total effect, ADL | DU20, DU26, DU15, DU24, DU14, DU9 | | Zhao et al. [45] | 16 | 16 | 67 ± 2.12 | 5.17 ± 1.05Y | 60 | C | B | Total effect, ADL | DU20, DU14 | | Zhu et al. [12] | 20 | 20 | 72.3 ± 6 | 6M-3y | 56 | C | B | Total effect | DU20, BL23, SP10, BL17 | | | 20 | 20 | | | 56 | D | A | | | | Liu et al. [54] | 40 | 40 | 69.16 ± 2.12/68.09 ± 6.24 | 10.05 ± 2.60/9.79 ± 5.22 | 7 | C | B | Total effect | Three-smell acupuncture | | Peng and Dong [22] | 28 | 28/28 | 62–79 | 1-8Y | 84 | D | B/A | Total effect, ADL | DU20, EX-HN1, DU14, RN4 | | Ji et al. [61] | 53 | 53 | None | None | 30 | C | B | Total effect | DU20, PC6 | | Li et al. [13] | 20/20 | 20 | 55–80 | None | 84 | C/D | A | Total effect | BL23, BL17, HT7, DU20 | | Luo et al. [31] | 48 | 48 | 67.7 ± 7.2 | Over 6M | 25 | C | B | Total effect | DU14, BL23, KI3, ST36 |
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